alsa-utils/amidi/amidi.c

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/*
* amidi.c - read from/write to RawMIDI ports
*
* Copyright (c) Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
*
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
*/
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/timerfd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/poll.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <alsa/asoundlib.h>
#include "aconfig.h"
#include "version.h"
#define NSEC_PER_SEC 1000000000L
static int do_device_list, do_rawmidi_list;
static char *port_name = "default";
static char *send_file_name;
static char *receive_file_name;
static char *send_hex;
static char *send_data;
static int send_data_length;
static int receive_file;
static int dump;
static float timeout;
static int stop;
static int sysex_interval;
static snd_rawmidi_t *input, **inputp;
static snd_rawmidi_t *output, **outputp;
static void error(const char *format, ...)
{
va_list ap;
va_start(ap, format);
vfprintf(stderr, format, ap);
va_end(ap);
putc('\n', stderr);
}
static void usage(void)
{
printf(
"Usage: amidi options\n"
"\n"
"-h, --help this help\n"
"-V, --version print current version\n"
"-l, --list-devices list all hardware ports\n"
"-L, --list-rawmidis list all RawMIDI definitions\n"
"-p, --port=name select port by name\n"
"-s, --send=file send the contents of a (.syx) file\n"
"-r, --receive=file write received data into a file\n"
"-S, --send-hex=\"...\" send hexadecimal bytes\n"
"-d, --dump print received data as hexadecimal bytes\n"
"-t, --timeout=seconds exits when no data has been received\n"
" for the specified duration\n"
"-a, --active-sensing include active sensing bytes\n"
"-c, --clock include clock bytes\n"
"-i, --sysex-interval=mseconds delay in between each SysEx message\n");
}
static void version(void)
{
puts("amidi version " SND_UTIL_VERSION_STR);
}
static void *my_malloc(size_t size)
{
void *p = malloc(size);
if (!p) {
error("out of memory");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
return p;
}
static void list_device(snd_ctl_t *ctl, int card, int device)
{
snd_rawmidi_info_t *info;
const char *name;
const char *sub_name;
int subs, subs_in, subs_out;
int sub;
int err;
snd_rawmidi_info_alloca(&info);
snd_rawmidi_info_set_device(info, device);
snd_rawmidi_info_set_stream(info, SND_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT);
err = snd_ctl_rawmidi_info(ctl, info);
if (err >= 0)
subs_in = snd_rawmidi_info_get_subdevices_count(info);
else
subs_in = 0;
snd_rawmidi_info_set_stream(info, SND_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT);
err = snd_ctl_rawmidi_info(ctl, info);
if (err >= 0)
subs_out = snd_rawmidi_info_get_subdevices_count(info);
else
subs_out = 0;
subs = subs_in > subs_out ? subs_in : subs_out;
if (!subs)
return;
for (sub = 0; sub < subs; ++sub) {
snd_rawmidi_info_set_stream(info, sub < subs_in ?
SND_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT :
SND_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT);
snd_rawmidi_info_set_subdevice(info, sub);
err = snd_ctl_rawmidi_info(ctl, info);
if (err < 0) {
error("cannot get rawmidi information %d:%d:%d: %s\n",
card, device, sub, snd_strerror(err));
return;
}
name = snd_rawmidi_info_get_name(info);
sub_name = snd_rawmidi_info_get_subdevice_name(info);
if (sub == 0 && sub_name[0] == '\0') {
printf("%c%c hw:%d,%d %s",
sub < subs_in ? 'I' : ' ',
sub < subs_out ? 'O' : ' ',
card, device, name);
if (subs > 1)
printf(" (%d subdevices)", subs);
putchar('\n');
break;
} else {
printf("%c%c hw:%d,%d,%d %s\n",
sub < subs_in ? 'I' : ' ',
sub < subs_out ? 'O' : ' ',
card, device, sub, sub_name);
}
}
}
static void list_card_devices(int card)
{
snd_ctl_t *ctl;
char name[32];
int device;
int err;
sprintf(name, "hw:%d", card);
if ((err = snd_ctl_open(&ctl, name, 0)) < 0) {
error("cannot open control for card %d: %s", card, snd_strerror(err));
return;
}
device = -1;
for (;;) {
if ((err = snd_ctl_rawmidi_next_device(ctl, &device)) < 0) {
error("cannot determine device number: %s", snd_strerror(err));
break;
}
if (device < 0)
break;
list_device(ctl, card, device);
}
snd_ctl_close(ctl);
}
static void device_list(void)
{
int card, err;
card = -1;
if ((err = snd_card_next(&card)) < 0) {
error("cannot determine card number: %s", snd_strerror(err));
return;
}
if (card < 0) {
error("no sound card found");
return;
}
puts("Dir Device Name");
do {
list_card_devices(card);
if ((err = snd_card_next(&card)) < 0) {
error("cannot determine card number: %s", snd_strerror(err));
break;
}
} while (card >= 0);
}
static void rawmidi_list(void)
{
snd_output_t *output;
snd_config_t *config;
int err;
if ((err = snd_config_update()) < 0) {
error("snd_config_update failed: %s", snd_strerror(err));
return;
}
if ((err = snd_output_stdio_attach(&output, stdout, 0)) < 0) {
error("snd_output_stdio_attach failed: %s", snd_strerror(err));
return;
}
if (snd_config_search(snd_config, "rawmidi", &config) >= 0) {
puts("RawMIDI list:");
snd_config_save(config, output);
}
snd_output_close(output);
}
static int send_midi_interleaved(void)
{
int err;
char *data = send_data;
size_t buffer_size;
snd_rawmidi_params_t *param;
snd_rawmidi_status_t *st;
snd_rawmidi_status_alloca(&st);
snd_rawmidi_params_alloca(&param);
snd_rawmidi_params_current(output, param);
buffer_size = snd_rawmidi_params_get_buffer_size(param);
while (data < (send_data + send_data_length)) {
int len = send_data + send_data_length - data;
char *temp;
if (data > send_data) {
snd_rawmidi_status(output, st);
do {
/* 320 µs per byte as noted in Page 1 of MIDI spec */
usleep((buffer_size - snd_rawmidi_status_get_avail(st)) * 320);
snd_rawmidi_status(output, st);
} while(snd_rawmidi_status_get_avail(st) < buffer_size);
usleep(sysex_interval * 1000);
}
/* find end of SysEx */
if ((temp = memchr(data, 0xf7, len)) != NULL)
len = temp - data + 1;
if ((err = snd_rawmidi_write(output, data, len)) < 0)
return err;
data += len;
}
return 0;
}
static void load_file(void)
{
int fd;
off_t length;
fd = open(send_file_name, O_RDONLY);
if (fd == -1) {
error("cannot open %s - %s", send_file_name, strerror(errno));
return;
}
length = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
if (length == (off_t)-1) {
error("cannot determine length of %s: %s", send_file_name, strerror(errno));
goto _error;
}
send_data = my_malloc(length);
lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
if (read(fd, send_data, length) != length) {
error("cannot read from %s: %s", send_file_name, strerror(errno));
goto _error;
}
if (length >= 4 && !memcmp(send_data, "MThd", 4)) {
error("%s is a Standard MIDI File; use aplaymidi to send it", send_file_name);
goto _error;
}
send_data_length = length;
goto _exit;
_error:
free(send_data);
send_data = NULL;
_exit:
close(fd);
}
static int hex_value(char c)
{
if ('0' <= c && c <= '9')
return c - '0';
if ('A' <= c && c <= 'F')
return c - 'A' + 10;
if ('a' <= c && c <= 'f')
return c - 'a' + 10;
error("invalid character %c", c);
return -1;
}
static void parse_data(void)
{
const char *p;
int i, value;
send_data = my_malloc(strlen(send_hex)); /* guesstimate */
i = 0;
value = -1; /* value is >= 0 when the first hex digit of a byte has been read */
for (p = send_hex; *p; ++p) {
int digit;
if (isspace((unsigned char)*p)) {
if (value >= 0) {
send_data[i++] = value;
value = -1;
}
continue;
}
digit = hex_value(*p);
if (digit < 0) {
send_data = NULL;
return;
}
if (value < 0) {
value = digit;
} else {
send_data[i++] = (value << 4) | digit;
value = -1;
}
}
if (value >= 0)
send_data[i++] = value;
send_data_length = i;
}
/*
* prints MIDI commands, formatting them nicely
*/
static void print_byte(unsigned char byte)
{
static enum {
STATE_UNKNOWN,
STATE_1PARAM,
STATE_1PARAM_CONTINUE,
STATE_2PARAM_1,
STATE_2PARAM_2,
STATE_2PARAM_1_CONTINUE,
STATE_SYSEX
} state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
int newline = 0;
if (byte >= 0xf8)
newline = 1;
else if (byte >= 0xf0) {
newline = 1;
switch (byte) {
case 0xf0:
state = STATE_SYSEX;
break;
case 0xf1:
case 0xf3:
state = STATE_1PARAM;
break;
case 0xf2:
state = STATE_2PARAM_1;
break;
case 0xf4:
case 0xf5:
case 0xf6:
state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
break;
case 0xf7:
newline = state != STATE_SYSEX;
state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
break;
}
} else if (byte >= 0x80) {
newline = 1;
if (byte >= 0xc0 && byte <= 0xdf)
state = STATE_1PARAM;
else
state = STATE_2PARAM_1;
} else /* b < 0x80 */ {
int running_status = 0;
newline = state == STATE_UNKNOWN;
switch (state) {
case STATE_1PARAM:
state = STATE_1PARAM_CONTINUE;
break;
case STATE_1PARAM_CONTINUE:
running_status = 1;
break;
case STATE_2PARAM_1:
state = STATE_2PARAM_2;
break;
case STATE_2PARAM_2:
state = STATE_2PARAM_1_CONTINUE;
break;
case STATE_2PARAM_1_CONTINUE:
running_status = 1;
state = STATE_2PARAM_2;
break;
default:
break;
}
if (running_status)
fputs("\n ", stdout);
}
printf("%c%02X", newline ? '\n' : ' ', byte);
}
static void sig_handler(int dummy)
{
stop = 1;
}
static void add_send_hex_data(const char *str)
{
int length;
char *s;
length = (send_hex ? strlen(send_hex) + 1 : 0) + strlen(str) + 1;
s = my_malloc(length);
if (send_hex) {
strcpy(s, send_hex);
strcat(s, " ");
} else {
s[0] = '\0';
}
strcat(s, str);
free(send_hex);
send_hex = s;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
static const char short_options[] = "hVlLp:s:r:S::dt:aci:";
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{"help", 0, NULL, 'h'},
{"version", 0, NULL, 'V'},
{"list-devices", 0, NULL, 'l'},
{"list-rawmidis", 0, NULL, 'L'},
{"port", 1, NULL, 'p'},
{"send", 1, NULL, 's'},
{"receive", 1, NULL, 'r'},
{"send-hex", 2, NULL, 'S'},
{"dump", 0, NULL, 'd'},
{"timeout", 1, NULL, 't'},
{"active-sensing", 0, NULL, 'a'},
{"clock", 0, NULL, 'c'},
{"sysex-interval", 1, NULL, 'i'},
{ }
};
int c, err, ok = 0;
int ignore_active_sensing = 1;
int ignore_clock = 1;
int do_send_hex = 0;
struct itimerspec itimerspec = { .it_interval = { 0, 0 } };
while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, short_options,
long_options, NULL)) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 'h':
usage();
return 0;
case 'V':
version();
return 0;
case 'l':
do_device_list = 1;
break;
case 'L':
do_rawmidi_list = 1;
break;
case 'p':
port_name = optarg;
break;
case 's':
send_file_name = optarg;
break;
case 'r':
receive_file_name = optarg;
break;
case 'S':
do_send_hex = 1;
if (optarg)
add_send_hex_data(optarg);
break;
case 'd':
dump = 1;
break;
case 't':
if (optarg)
timeout = atof(optarg);
break;
case 'a':
ignore_active_sensing = 0;
break;
case 'c':
ignore_clock = 0;
break;
case 'i':
sysex_interval = atoi(optarg);
break;
default:
error("Try `amidi --help' for more information.");
return 1;
}
}
if (do_send_hex) {
/* data for -S can be specified as multiple arguments */
if (!send_hex && !argv[optind]) {
error("Please specify some data for --send-hex.");
return 1;
}
for (; argv[optind]; ++optind)
add_send_hex_data(argv[optind]);
} else {
if (argv[optind]) {
error("%s is not an option.", argv[optind]);
return 1;
}
}
if (do_rawmidi_list)
rawmidi_list();
if (do_device_list)
device_list();
if (do_rawmidi_list || do_device_list)
return 0;
if (!send_file_name && !receive_file_name && !send_hex && !dump) {
error("Please specify at least one of --send, --receive, --send-hex, or --dump.");
return 1;
}
if (send_file_name && send_hex) {
error("--send and --send-hex cannot be specified at the same time.");
return 1;
}
if (send_file_name)
load_file();
else if (send_hex)
parse_data();
if ((send_file_name || send_hex) && !send_data)
return 1;
if (receive_file_name) {
receive_file = creat(receive_file_name, 0666);
if (receive_file == -1) {
error("cannot create %s: %s", receive_file_name, strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
} else {
receive_file = -1;
}
if (receive_file_name || dump)
inputp = &input;
else
inputp = NULL;
if (send_data)
outputp = &output;
else
outputp = NULL;
if ((err = snd_rawmidi_open(inputp, outputp, port_name, SND_RAWMIDI_NONBLOCK)) < 0) {
error("cannot open port \"%s\": %s", port_name, snd_strerror(err));
goto _exit2;
}
if (inputp)
snd_rawmidi_read(input, NULL, 0); /* trigger reading */
if (send_data) {
if ((err = snd_rawmidi_nonblock(output, 0)) < 0) {
error("cannot set blocking mode: %s", snd_strerror(err));
goto _exit;
}
if (!sysex_interval) {
if ((err = snd_rawmidi_write(output, send_data, send_data_length)) < 0) {
error("cannot send data: %s", snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
} else {
if ((err = send_midi_interleaved()) < 0) {
error("cannot send data: %s", snd_strerror(err));
return err;
}
}
}
if (inputp) {
int read = 0;
int npfds;
struct pollfd *pfds;
npfds = 1 + snd_rawmidi_poll_descriptors_count(input);
pfds = alloca(npfds * sizeof(struct pollfd));
if (timeout > 0) {
pfds[0].fd = timerfd_create(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, 0);
if (pfds[0].fd == -1) {
error("cannot create timer: %s", strerror(errno));
goto _exit;
}
pfds[0].events = POLLIN;
} else {
pfds[0].fd = -1;
}
snd_rawmidi_poll_descriptors(input, &pfds[1], npfds - 1);
signal(SIGINT, sig_handler);
if (timeout > 0) {
float timeout_int;
itimerspec.it_value.tv_nsec = modff(timeout, &timeout_int) * NSEC_PER_SEC;
itimerspec.it_value.tv_sec = timeout_int;
err = timerfd_settime(pfds[0].fd, 0, &itimerspec, NULL);
if (err < 0) {
error("cannot set timer: %s", strerror(errno));
goto _exit;
}
}
for (;;) {
unsigned char buf[256];
int i, length;
unsigned short revents;
err = poll(pfds, npfds, -1);
if (stop || (err < 0 && errno == EINTR))
break;
if (err < 0) {
error("poll failed: %s", strerror(errno));
break;
}
err = snd_rawmidi_poll_descriptors_revents(input, &pfds[1], npfds - 1, &revents);
if (err < 0) {
error("cannot get poll events: %s", snd_strerror(errno));
break;
}
if (revents & (POLLERR | POLLHUP))
break;
if (!(revents & POLLIN)) {
if (pfds[0].revents & POLLIN)
break;
continue;
}
err = snd_rawmidi_read(input, buf, sizeof(buf));
if (err == -EAGAIN)
continue;
if (err < 0) {
error("cannot read from port \"%s\": %s", port_name, snd_strerror(err));
break;
}
length = 0;
for (i = 0; i < err; ++i)
if ((buf[i] != MIDI_CMD_COMMON_CLOCK &&
buf[i] != MIDI_CMD_COMMON_SENSING) ||
(buf[i] == MIDI_CMD_COMMON_CLOCK && !ignore_clock) ||
(buf[i] == MIDI_CMD_COMMON_SENSING && !ignore_active_sensing))
buf[length++] = buf[i];
if (length == 0)
continue;
read += length;
if (receive_file != -1)
write(receive_file, buf, length);
if (dump) {
for (i = 0; i < length; ++i)
print_byte(buf[i]);
fflush(stdout);
}
if (timeout > 0) {
err = timerfd_settime(pfds[0].fd, 0, &itimerspec, NULL);
if (err < 0) {
error("cannot set timer: %s", strerror(errno));
break;
}
}
}
if (isatty(fileno(stdout)))
printf("\n%d bytes read\n", read);
}
ok = 1;
_exit:
if (inputp)
snd_rawmidi_close(input);
if (outputp)
snd_rawmidi_close(output);
_exit2:
if (receive_file != -1)
close(receive_file);
return !ok;
}