diff --git a/alsactl/alsactl.c b/alsactl/alsactl.c
index f00f7be..9e63e5a 100644
--- a/alsactl/alsactl.c
+++ b/alsactl/alsactl.c
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ static int get_controls(int cardno, snd_config_t *top)
 	snd_control_list_t list;
 	int idx, err;
 
-	err = snd_ctl_open(&handle, cardno);
+	err = snd_ctl_hw_open(&handle, cardno);
 	if (err < 0) {
 		error("snd_ctl_open error: %s", snd_strerror(err));
 		return err;
@@ -852,7 +852,7 @@ static int set_controls(int card, snd_config_t *top)
 	snd_config_iterator_t i;
 	int err;
 
-	err = snd_ctl_open(&handle, card);
+	err = snd_ctl_hw_open(&handle, card);
 	if (err < 0) {
 		error("snd_ctl_open error: %s", snd_strerror(err));
 		return err;
diff --git a/alsamixer/alsamixer.c b/alsamixer/alsamixer.c
index a1f5533..05bb234 100644
--- a/alsamixer/alsamixer.c
+++ b/alsamixer/alsamixer.c
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ static int	 mixer_ofs_x = 0;
 static float	 mixer_extra_space = 0;
 static int	 mixer_cbar_height = 0;
 
-static int	 card_id = 0;
+static char*	 card_id = "0";
 static snd_mixer_t *mixer_handle;
 static char	 mixer_card_name[128];
 static char	 mixer_device_name[128];
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ mixer_abort (ErrType     error,
     {
     case ERR_OPEN:
       fprintf (stderr,
-	       PRGNAME ": failed to open mixer #%i: %s\n",
+	       PRGNAME ": failed to open mixer %s: %s\n",
 	       card_id,
 	       snd_strerror (xerrno));
       break;
@@ -1712,10 +1712,10 @@ main (int    argc,
 	case '?':
 	case 'h':
 	  fprintf (stderr, "%s %s\n", PRGNAME_UPPER, VERSION);
-	  fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s [-c <card: 0..%i>] [-z]\n", PRGNAME, snd_cards () - 1);
+	  fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s [-c <card: 0...%i>] [-z]\n", PRGNAME, snd_cards () - 1);
 	  mixer_abort (ERR_NONE, "", 0);
 	case 'c':
-	  card_id = snd_card_get_index(optarg);
+	  card_id = optarg;
 	  break;
 	case 'g':
 	  mixer_do_color = !mixer_do_color;
diff --git a/amixer/amixer.c b/amixer/amixer.c
index e938cde..8118e06 100644
--- a/amixer/amixer.c
+++ b/amixer/amixer.c
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 
 int quiet = 0;
 int debugflag = 0;
-int card;
+char *card = "0";
 
 static void error(const char *fmt,...)
 {
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ static int help(void)
 	printf("Usage: amixer <options> command\n");
 	printf("\nAvailable options:\n");
 	printf("  -h,--help       this help\n");
-	printf("  -c,--card #     use a card number (0-%i) or the card name, default %i\n", snd_cards() - 1, card);
+	printf("  -c,--card #     use a card number (0-%i) or the card name, default %s\n", snd_cards() - 1, card);
 	printf("  -D,--debug      debug mode\n");
 	printf("  -v,--version    print version of this program\n");
 	printf("\nAvailable commands:\n");
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ static int info(void)
 		error("Control device %i hw info error: %s", card, snd_strerror(err));
 		return err;
 	}
-	printf("Card #%i '%s'/'%s'\n", card, info.id, info.longname);
+	printf("Card %s '%s'/'%s'\n", card, info.id, info.longname);
 	printf("  Mixer ID	: '%s'\n", info.mixerid);
 	printf("  Mixer name	: '%s'\n", info.mixername);
 	memset(&clist, 0, sizeof(clist));
@@ -1058,11 +1058,6 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 	};
 
 	morehelp = 0;
-	card = snd_defaults_mixer_card();
-	if (card < 0) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "The ALSA sound driver was not detected in this system.\n");
-		return 1;
-	}
 	while (1) {
 		int c;
 
@@ -1075,7 +1070,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 			break;
 		case 'c':
 		case HELPID_CARD:
-			card = snd_card_get_index(optarg);
+			card = optarg;
 			break;
 		case 'q':
 		case HELPID_QUIET:
diff --git a/aplay/aplay.c b/aplay/aplay.c
index c90c1eb..2225a50 100644
--- a/aplay/aplay.c
+++ b/aplay/aplay.c
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ static void device_list(void)
 	for (card = 0; card < SND_CARDS; card++) {
 		if (!(mask & (1 << card)))
 			continue;
-		if ((err = snd_ctl_open(&handle, card)) < 0) {
+		if ((err = snd_ctl_hw_open(&handle, card)) < 0) {
 			error("control open (%i): %s", card, snd_strerror(err));
 			continue;
 		}