Introduce softirq entry/exit tracepoints. These are useful for
augmenting existing tracers, and to figure out softirq frequencies and
timings.
[
s/irq_softirq_/softirq_/ for trace point names and
Fixed printf format in TRACE_FORMAT macro
- Steven Rostedt
]
LKML-Reference: <20090312183603.GC3352@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Create a 'softirq_to_name' array, which is indexed by softirq #, so
that we can easily convert between the softirq index # and its name, in
order to get more meaningful output messages.
LKML-Reference: <20090312183336.GB3352@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
If the stack tracing is disabled (by default) the stack_trace file
will only contain the header:
# cat /debug/tracing/stack_trace
Depth Size Location (0 entries)
----- ---- --------
This can be frustrating to a developer that does not realize that the
stack tracer is disabled. This patch adds the following text:
# cat /debug/tracing/stack_trace
Depth Size Location (0 entries)
----- ---- --------
#
# Stack tracer disabled
#
# To enable the stack tracer, either add 'stacktrace' to the
# kernel command line
# or 'echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/stack_tracer_enabled'
#
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
The binary printk saves a pointer to the format string in the ring buffer.
On output, the format is processed. But if the user is reading the
ring buffer through a binary interface, the pointer is meaningless.
This patch creates a file called printk_formats that maps the pointers
to the formats.
# cat /debug/tracing/printk_formats
0xffffffff80713d40 : "irq_handler_entry: irq=%d handler=%s\n"
0xffffffff80713d48 : "lock_acquire: %s%s%s\n"
0xffffffff80713d50 : "lock_release: %s\n"
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Impact: speed up on event tracing
The event_trace_printk is currently a wrapper function that calls
trace_vprintk. Because it uses a variable for the fmt it misses out
on the optimization of using the binary printk.
This patch makes event_trace_printk into a macro wrapper to use the
fmt as the same as the trace_printks.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Impact: fix callsites with dynamic format strings
Since its new binary implementation, trace_printk() internally uses static
containers for the format strings on each callsites. But the value is
assigned once at build time, which means that it can't take dynamic
formats.
So this patch unearthes the raw trace_printk implementation for the callers
that will need trace_printk to be able to carry these dynamic format
strings. The trace_printk() macro will use the appropriate implementation
for each callsite. Most of the time however, the binary implementation will
still be used.
The other impact of this patch is that mmiotrace_printk() will use the old
implementation because it calls the low level trace_vprintk and we can't
guess here whether the format passed in it is dynamic or not.
Some parts of this patch have been written by Steven Rostedt (most notably
the part that chooses the appropriate implementation for each callsites).
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Impact: do not confuse user on small trace buffer sizes
When the system boots up, the trace buffer is small to conserve memory.
It is only two pages per online CPU. When the tracer is used, it expands
to the default value.
This can confuse the user if they look at the buffer size and see only
7, but then later they see 1408.
# cat /debug/tracing/buffer_size_kb
7
# echo sched_switch > /debug/tracing/current_tracer
# cat /debug/tracing/buffer_size_kb
1408
This patch tries to help remove this confustion by showing that the
buffer has not been expanded.
# cat /debug/tracing/buffer_size_kb
7 (expanded: 1408)
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Impact: speed up and remove possible races
The get_online_cpus was added to the ring buffer because the original
design would free the ring buffer on a CPU that was being taken
off line. The final design kept the ring buffer around even when the
CPU was taken off line. This is to allow a user to still read the
information on that ring buffer.
Most of the get_online_cpus are no longer needed since the ring buffer will
not disappear from the use cases.
Reported-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
The hotplug code in the ring buffers is for use with CPU hotplug,
not generic hotplug.
Reported-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Impact: prevent races with ring_buffer_expanded
This patch places the expanding of the tracing buffer under the
protection of the trace_types_lock mutex. It is highly unlikely
that there would be any contention, but better safe than sorry.
Reported-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Impact: cleanup
Some of the comments about the trace buffer resizing is gobbledygook.
And I wonder why people question if I'm a native English speaker.
This patch makes the comments make a bit more sense.
Reported-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Impact: cleanup
The naming clashes with upcoming softirq tracepoints, so rename the
APIs to lockdep_*().
Requested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: save on memory
Currently, a ring buffer was allocated for each "possible_cpus". On
some systems, this is the same as NR_CPUS. Thus, if a system defined
NR_CPUS = 64 but it only had 1 CPU, we could have possibly 63 useless
ring buffers taking up space. With a default buffer of 3 megs, this
could be quite drastic.
This patch changes the ring buffer code to only allocate ring buffers
for online CPUs. If a CPU goes off line, we do not free the buffer.
This is because the user may still have trace data in that buffer
that they would like to look at.
Perhaps in the future we could add code to delete a ring buffer if
the CPU is offline and the ring buffer becomes empty.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Impact: fix to task live locking on reading trace_pipe on one CPU
The same code is used for both trace_pipe (all CPUS) and the per_cpu
trace_pipe file. When there is no data to read, it will check for
signals and wait on the trace wait queue.
The problem happens with the per_cpu wait. The trace_wait code checks
all CPUs. Thus, if there's data in another CPU buffer, then it will
exit the wait, without checking for signals or waiting on the wait queue.
It would then try to read the empty buffer, and since that will just
return nothing, then it will try to wait again. Unfortunately, that will
again fail due to there still being data in the other buffers. This
ends up with a live lock for the task.
This patch fixes the trace_wait to be aware that the iterator may only
be waiting on a single buffer.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
To save memory, the tracer ring buffers are set to a minimum.
The activating of a trace expands the ring buffer size. This patch
adds this expanding, when an event is activated.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Impact: less memory impact on systems not using tracer
When the kernel boots up that has tracing configured, it allocates
the default size of the ring buffer. This currently happens to be
1.4Megs per possible CPU. This is quite a bit of wasted memory if
the system is never using the tracer.
The current solution is to keep the ring buffers to a minimum size
until the user uses them. Once a tracer is piped into the current_tracer
the ring buffer will be expanded to the default size. If the user
changes the size of the ring buffer, it will take the size given
by the user immediately.
If the user adds a "ftrace=" to the kernel command line, then the ring
buffers will be set to the default size on initialization.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
We were returning early in the sysfs directory cleanup function if the
user belonged to a non init usernamespace. Due to this a lot of the
cleanup was not done and we were left with a leak. Fix the leak.
Reported-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Dhaval Giani <dhaval@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Impact: prevent locking up by lockdep tracer
The lockdep tracer uses trace_vprintk and thus trace_vprintk can not
call back into lockdep without locking up.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Using the function_graph tracer in recent kernels generates a spew of
preemption BUGs. Fix this by not requiring trace_clock_local() users
to disable preemption themselves.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: clean up
There existed a lot of <space><tab>'s in the tracing code. This
patch removes them.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Impact: clean up / comments
The comments that described the ftrace macros to manipulate the
TRACE_EVENT and TRACE_FORMAT macros no longer match the code.
This patch updates them.
Reported-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Impact: clean up
In trying to stay consistant with the C style format in the TRACE_EVENT
macro, it makes more sense to do the printk after the assigning of
the variables.
Reported-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
The event directory files type and available_types were no longer
needed with the new TRACE_EVENT_FORMAT macros, they were deleted.
But by accident the available_events file was also removed.
This patch brings it back.
Reported-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Impact: fix to prevent crash on calling NULL function pointer
The ftrace internal records have their format exported via the event
system under the ftrace subsystem. These are only for exporting the
format to allow binary readers to be able to parse them in a binary
output.
The ftrace subsystem events can only be enabled via the ftrace tracers
and do not have a registering function. The event files expect the
event record to have registering function and will call it directly.
Passing in a ftrace subsystem event will cause the kernel to crash
because it will execute a NULL pointer.
This patch prevents the ftrace subsystem from being viewable to the
event enabling files.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Impact: clean up
The offsetof and sizeof are of type size_t, and instead of typecasting
them to unsigned int for printk formatting, one could just use %zu.
Reported-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
"for (++cpu ; cpu < num_possible_cpus(); cpu++)" statement assumes
possible cpus have continuous number - but that's a wrong assumption.
Insted, cpumask_next() should be used.
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
LKML-Reference: <20090310104437.A480.A69D9226@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: clean up
The TRACE_EVENT_FORMAT macro is no longer used by trace points
and only the DECLARE_TRACE, TRACE_FORMAT or TRACE_EVENT macros should
be used by them. Although the TRACE_EVENT_FORMAT macro is still used
by the internal tracing utility, it should not be used in core
kernel code.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Impact: clean up and enhancement
The TRACE_EVENT_FORMAT macro looks quite ugly and is limited in its
ability to save data as well as to print the record out. Working with
Ingo Molnar, we came up with a new format that is much more pleasing to
the eye of C developers. This new macro is more C style than the old
macro, and is more obvious to what it does.
Here's the example. The only updated macro in this patch is the
sched_switch trace point.
The old method looked like this:
TRACE_EVENT_FORMAT(sched_switch,
TP_PROTO(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev,
struct task_struct *next),
TP_ARGS(rq, prev, next),
TP_FMT("task %s:%d ==> %s:%d",
prev->comm, prev->pid, next->comm, next->pid),
TRACE_STRUCT(
TRACE_FIELD(pid_t, prev_pid, prev->pid)
TRACE_FIELD(int, prev_prio, prev->prio)
TRACE_FIELD_SPECIAL(char next_comm[TASK_COMM_LEN],
next_comm,
TP_CMD(memcpy(TRACE_ENTRY->next_comm,
next->comm,
TASK_COMM_LEN)))
TRACE_FIELD(pid_t, next_pid, next->pid)
TRACE_FIELD(int, next_prio, next->prio)
),
TP_RAW_FMT("prev %d:%d ==> next %s:%d:%d")
);
The above method is hard to read and requires two format fields.
The new method:
/*
* Tracepoint for task switches, performed by the scheduler:
*
* (NOTE: the 'rq' argument is not used by generic trace events,
* but used by the latency tracer plugin. )
*/
TRACE_EVENT(sched_switch,
TP_PROTO(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev,
struct task_struct *next),
TP_ARGS(rq, prev, next),
TP_STRUCT__entry(
__array( char, prev_comm, TASK_COMM_LEN )
__field( pid_t, prev_pid )
__field( int, prev_prio )
__array( char, next_comm, TASK_COMM_LEN )
__field( pid_t, next_pid )
__field( int, next_prio )
),
TP_printk("task %s:%d [%d] ==> %s:%d [%d]",
__entry->prev_comm, __entry->prev_pid, __entry->prev_prio,
__entry->next_comm, __entry->next_pid, __entry->next_prio),
TP_fast_assign(
memcpy(__entry->next_comm, next->comm, TASK_COMM_LEN);
__entry->prev_pid = prev->pid;
__entry->prev_prio = prev->prio;
memcpy(__entry->prev_comm, prev->comm, TASK_COMM_LEN);
__entry->next_pid = next->pid;
__entry->next_prio = next->prio;
)
);
This macro is called TRACE_EVENT, it is broken up into 5 parts:
TP_PROTO: the proto type of the trace point
TP_ARGS: the arguments of the trace point
TP_STRUCT_entry: the structure layout of the entry in the ring buffer
TP_printk: the printk format
TP_fast_assign: the method used to write the entry into the ring buffer
The structure is the definition of how the event will be saved in the
ring buffer. The printk is used by the internal tracing in case of
an oops, and the kernel needs to print out the format of the record
to the console. This the TP_printk gives a means to show the records
in a human readable format. It is also used to print out the data
from the trace file.
The TP_fast_assign is executed directly. It is basically like a C function,
where the __entry is the handle to the record.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Impact: clean up
This removes the custom made STR(x) macros in the tracer and uses
the generic __stringify macro instead.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Impact: clean up
The macros TPPROTO, TPARGS, TPFMT, TPRAWFMT, and TPCMD all look a bit
ugly. This patch adds an underscore to their names.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Impact: fix compiler warnings
On x86_64 sizeof and offsetof are treated as long, where as on x86_32
they are int. This patch typecasts them to unsigned int to avoid
one arch giving warnings while the other does not.
Reported-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
CLONE_PARENT can fool the ->self_exec_id/parent_exec_id logic. If we
re-use the old parent, we must also re-use ->parent_exec_id to make
sure exit_notify() sees the right ->xxx_exec_id's when the CLONE_PARENT'ed
task exits.
Also, move down the "p->parent_exec_id = p->self_exec_id" thing, to place
two different cases together.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Serge E. Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Frans Pop reported the crash below when running an s390 kernel under Hercules:
Kernel BUG at 000738b4 verbose debug info unavailable!
fixpoint divide exception: 0009 #1! SMP
Modules linked in: nfs lockd nfs_acl sunrpc ctcm fsm tape_34xx
cu3088 tape ccwgroup tape_class ext3 jbd mbcache dm_mirror dm_log dm_snapshot
dm_mod dasd_eckd_mod dasd_mod
CPU: 0 Not tainted 2.6.27.19 #13
Process awk (pid: 2069, task: 0f9ed9b8, ksp: 0f4f7d18)
Krnl PSW : 070c1000 800738b4 (acct_update_integrals+0x4c/0x118)
R:0 T:1 IO:1 EX:1 Key:0 M:1 W:0 P:0 AS:0 CC:1 PM:0
Krnl GPRS: 00000000 000007d0 7fffffff fffff830
00000000 ffffffff 00000002 0f9ed9b8
00000000 00008ca0 00000000 0f9ed9b8
0f9edda4 8007386e 0f4f7ec8 0f4f7e98
Krnl Code: 800738aa: a71807d0 lhi %r1,2000
800738ae: 8c200001 srdl %r2,1
800738b2: 1d21 dr %r2,%r1
>800738b4: 5810d10e l %r1,270(%r13)
800738b8: 1823 lr %r2,%r3
800738ba: 4130f060 la %r3,96(%r15)
800738be: 0de1 basr %r14,%r1
800738c0: 5800f060 l %r0,96(%r15)
Call Trace:
( <000000000004fdea>! blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x1e/0x2c)
<0000000000038502>! do_exit+0x106/0x7c0
<0000000000038c36>! do_group_exit+0x7a/0xb4
<0000000000038c8e>! SyS_exit_group+0x1e/0x30
<0000000000021c28>! sysc_do_restart+0x12/0x16
<0000000077e7e924>! 0x77e7e924
Reason for this is that cpu time accounting usually only happens from
interrupt context, but acct_update_integrals gets also called from
process context with interrupts enabled.
So in acct_update_integrals we may end up with the following scenario:
Between reading tsk->stime/tsk->utime and tsk->acct_timexpd an interrupt
happens which updates accouting values. This causes acct_timexpd to be
greater than the former stime + utime. The subsequent calculation of
dtime = cputime_sub(time, tsk->acct_timexpd);
will be negative and the division performed by
cputime_to_jiffies(dtime)
will generate an exception since the result won't fit into a 32 bit
register.
In order to fix this just always disable interrupts while accessing any
of the accounting values.
Reported by: Frans Pop <elendil@planet.nl>
Tested by: Frans Pop <elendil@planet.nl>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Impact: improve workqueue tracer output
Currently, /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace_stat/workqueues can display
wrong and strange thread names.
Why?
Currently, ftrace has tracing_record_cmdline()/trace_find_cmdline()
convenience function that implements a task->comm string cache.
This can avoid unnecessary memcpy overhead and the workqueue tracer
uses it.
However, in general, any trace statistics feature shouldn't use
tracing_record_cmdline() because trace statistics can display
very old process. Then comm cache can return wrong string because
recent process overrides the cache.
Fortunately, workqueue trace guarantees that displayed processes
are live. Thus we can search comm string from PID at display time.
<before>
% cat workqueues
# CPU INSERTED EXECUTED NAME
# | | | |
7 431913 431913 kondemand/7
7 0 0 tail
7 21 21 git
7 0 0 ls
7 9 9 cat
7 832632 832632 unix_chkpwd
7 236292 236292 ls
Note: tail, git, ls, cat unix_chkpwd are obiously not workqueue thread.
<after>
% cat workqueues
# CPU INSERTED EXECUTED NAME
# | | | |
7 510 510 kondemand/7
7 0 0 kmpathd/7
7 15 15 ata/7
7 0 0 aio/7
7 11 11 kblockd/7
7 1063 1063 work_on_cpu/7
7 167 167 events/7
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: cleanup
Remove a few leftovers and clean up the code a bit.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
LKML-Reference: <1236356510-8381-5-git-send-email-fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: faster and lighter tracing
Now that we have trace_bprintk() which is faster and consume lesser
memory than trace_printk() and has the same purpose, we can now drop
the old implementation in favour of the binary one from trace_bprintk(),
which means we move all the implementation of trace_bprintk() to
trace_printk(), so the Api doesn't change except that we must now use
trace_seq_bprintk() to print the TRACE_PRINT entries.
Some changes result of this:
- Previously, trace_bprintk depended of a single tracer and couldn't
work without. This tracer has been dropped and the whole implementation
of trace_printk() (like the module formats management) is now integrated
in the tracing core (comes with CONFIG_TRACING), though we keep the file
trace_printk (previously trace_bprintk.c) where we can find the module
management. Thus we don't overflow trace.c
- changes some parts to use trace_seq_bprintk() to print TRACE_PRINT entries.
- change a bit trace_printk/trace_vprintk macros to support non-builtin formats
constants, and fix 'const' qualifiers warnings. But this is all transparent for
developers.
- etc...
V2:
- Rebase against last changes
- Fix mispell on the changelog
V3:
- Rebase against last changes (moving trace_printk() to kernel.h)
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
LKML-Reference: <1236356510-8381-5-git-send-email-fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
