Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>,
Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade_spam@yahoo.it>,
Bodo Stroesser <bstroesser@fujitsu-siemens.com>
Adds a new ptrace(2) mode, called PTRACE_SYSEMU, resembling PTRACE_SYSCALL
except that the kernel does not execute the requested syscall; this is useful
to improve performance for virtual environments, like UML, which want to run
the syscall on their own.
In fact, using PTRACE_SYSCALL means stopping child execution twice, on entry
and on exit, and each time you also have two context switches; with SYSEMU you
avoid the 2nd stop and so save two context switches per syscall.
Also, some architectures don't have support in the host for changing the
syscall number via ptrace(), which is currently needed to skip syscall
execution (UML turns any syscall into getpid() to avoid it being executed on
the host). Fixing that is hard, while SYSEMU is easier to implement.
* This version of the patch includes some suggestions of Jeff Dike to avoid
adding any instructions to the syscall fast path, plus some other little
changes, by myself, to make it work even when the syscall is executed with
SYSENTER (but I'm unsure about them). It has been widely tested for quite a
lot of time.
* Various fixed were included to handle the various switches between
various states, i.e. when for instance a syscall entry is traced with one of
PT_SYSCALL / _SYSEMU / _SINGLESTEP and another one is used on exit.
Basically, this is done by remembering which one of them was used even after
the call to ptrace_notify().
* We're combining TIF_SYSCALL_EMU with TIF_SYSCALL_TRACE or TIF_SINGLESTEP
to make do_syscall_trace() notice that the current syscall was started with
SYSEMU on entry, so that no notification ought to be done in the exit path;
this is a bit of a hack, so this problem is solved in another way in next
patches.
* Also, the effects of the patch:
"Ptrace - i386: fix Syscall Audit interaction with singlestep"
are cancelled; they are restored back in the last patch of this series.
Detailed descriptions of the patches doing this kind of processing follow (but
I've already summed everything up).
* Fix behaviour when changing interception kind #1.
In do_syscall_trace(), we check the status of the TIF_SYSCALL_EMU flag
only after doing the debugger notification; but the debugger might have
changed the status of this flag because he continued execution with
PTRACE_SYSCALL, so this is wrong. This patch fixes it by saving the flag
status before calling ptrace_notify().
* Fix behaviour when changing interception kind #2:
avoid intercepting syscall on return when using SYSCALL again.
A guest process switching from using PTRACE_SYSEMU to PTRACE_SYSCALL
crashes.
The problem is in arch/i386/kernel/entry.S. The current SYSEMU patch
inhibits the syscall-handler to be called, but does not prevent
do_syscall_trace() to be called after this for syscall completion
interception.
The appended patch fixes this. It reuses the flag TIF_SYSCALL_EMU to
remember "we come from PTRACE_SYSEMU and now are in PTRACE_SYSCALL", since
the flag is unused in the depicted situation.
* Fix behaviour when changing interception kind #3:
avoid intercepting syscall on return when using SINGLESTEP.
When testing 2.6.9 and the skas3.v6 patch, with my latest patch and had
problems with singlestepping on UML in SKAS with SYSEMU. It looped
receiving SIGTRAPs without moving forward. EIP of the traced process was
the same for all SIGTRAPs.
What's missing is to handle switching from PTRACE_SYSCALL_EMU to
PTRACE_SINGLESTEP in a way very similar to what is done for the change from
PTRACE_SYSCALL_EMU to PTRACE_SYSCALL_TRACE.
I.e., after calling ptrace(PTRACE_SYSEMU), on the return path, the debugger is
notified and then wake ups the process; the syscall is executed (or skipped,
when do_syscall_trace() returns 0, i.e. when using PTRACE_SYSEMU), and
do_syscall_trace() is called again. Since we are on the return path of a
SYSEMU'd syscall, if the wake up is performed through ptrace(PTRACE_SYSCALL),
we must still avoid notifying the parent of the syscall exit. Now, this
behaviour is extended even to resuming with PTRACE_SINGLESTEP.
Signed-off-by: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The timers lack .suspend/.resume methods. Because of this, jiffies got a
big compensation after a S3 resume. And then softlockup watchdog reports
an oops. This occured with HPET enabled, but it's also possible for other
timers.
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
for_each_cpu walks through all processors in cpu_possible_map, which is
defined as cpu_callout_map on i386 and isn't initialised until all
processors have been booted. This breaks things which do for_each_cpu
iterations early during boot. So, define cpu_possible_map as a bitmap with
NR_CPUS bits populated. This was triggered by a patch i'm working on which
does alloc_percpu before bringing up secondary processors.
From: Alexander Nyberg <alexn@telia.com>
i386-boottime-for_each_cpu-broken.patch
i386-boottime-for_each_cpu-broken-fix.patch
The SMP version of __alloc_percpu checks the cpu_possible_map before
allocating memory for a certain cpu. With the above patches the BSP cpuid
is never set in cpu_possible_map which breaks CONFIG_SMP on uniprocessor
machines (as soon as someone tries to dereference something allocated via
__alloc_percpu, which in fact is never allocated since the cpu is not set
in cpu_possible_map).
Signed-off-by: Zwane Mwaikambo <zwane@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Nyberg <alexn@telia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Add a clone operation for pgd updates.
This helps complete the encapsulation of updates to page tables (or pages
about to become page tables) into accessor functions rather than using
memcpy() to duplicate them. This is both generally good for consistency
and also necessary for running in a hypervisor which requires explicit
updates to page table entries.
The new function is:
clone_pgd_range(pgd_t *dst, pgd_t *src, int count);
dst - pointer to pgd range anwhere on a pgd page
src - ""
count - the number of pgds to copy.
dst and src can be on the same page, but the range must not overlap
and must not cross a page boundary.
Note that I ommitted using this call to copy pgd entries into the
software suspend page root, since this is not technically a live paging
structure, rather it is used on resume from suspend. CC'ing Pavel in case
he has any feedback on this.
Thanks to Chris Wright for noticing that this could be more optimal in
PAE compiles by eliminating the memset.
Signed-off-by: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch adds a notify to the die_nmi notify that the system is about to
be taken down. If the notify is handled with a NOTIFY_STOP return, the
system is given a new lease on life.
We also change the nmi watchdog to carry on if die_nmi returns.
This give debug code a chance to a) catch watchdog timeouts and b) possibly
allow the system to continue, realizing that the time out may be due to
debugger activities such as single stepping which is usually done with
"other" cpus held.
Signed-off-by: George Anzinger<george@mvista.com>
Cc: Keith Owens <kaos@ocs.com.au>
Signed-off-by: George Anzinger <george@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The pushf/popf in switch_to are ONLY used to switch IOPL. Making this
explicit in C code is more clear. This pushf/popf pair was added as a
bugfix for leaking IOPL to unprivileged processes when using
sysenter/sysexit based system calls (sysexit does not restore flags).
When requesting an IOPL change in sys_iopl(), it is just as easy to change
the current flags and the flags in the stack image (in case an IRET is
required), but there is no reason to force an IRET if we came in from the
SYSENTER path.
This change is the minimal solution for supporting a paravirtualized Linux
kernel that allows user processes to run with I/O privilege. Other
solutions require radical rewrites of part of the low level fault / system
call handling code, or do not fully support sysenter based system calls.
Unfortunately, this added one field to the thread_struct. But as a bonus,
on P4, the fastest time measured for switch_to() went from 312 to 260
cycles, a win of about 17% in the fast case through this performance
critical path.
Signed-off-by: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Privilege checking cleanup. Originally, these diffs were much greater, but
recent cleanups in Linux have already done much of the cleanup. I added
some explanatory comments in places where the reasoning behind certain
tests is rather subtle.
Also, in traps.c, we can skip the user_mode check in handle_BUG(). The
reason is, there are only two call chains - one via die_if_kernel() and one
via do_page_fault(), both entering from die(). Both of these paths already
ensure that a kernel mode failure has happened. Also, the original check
here, if (user_mode(regs)) was insufficient anyways, since it would not
rule out BUG faults from V8086 mode execution.
Saving the %ss segment in show_regs() rather than assuming a fixed value
also gives better information about the current kernel state in the
register dump.
Signed-off-by: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Some more assembler cleanups I noticed along the way.
Signed-off-by: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Noticed by Chuck Ebbert: the .ldt entry of the TSS was set up incorrectly.
It never mattered since this was a leftover from old times, so remove it.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Also, setting PDPEs in PAE mode does not require atomic operations, since the
PDPEs are cached by the processor, and only reloaded on an explicit or
implicit reload of CR3.
Since the four PDPEs must always be present in an active root, and the kernel
PDPE is never updated, we are safe even from SMIs and interrupts / NMIs using
task gates (which reload CR3). Actually, much of this is moot, since the user
PDPEs are never updated either, and the only usage of task gates is by the
doublefault handler. It appears the only place PGDs get updated in PAE mode
is in init_low_mappings() / zap_low_mapping() for initial page table creation
and recovery from ACPI sleep state, and these sites are safe by inspection.
Getting rid of the cmpxchg8b saves code space and 720 cycles in pgd_alloc on
P4.
Signed-off-by: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
GCC can generate better code around descriptor update and access functions
when there is not an explicit "eax" register constraint.
Testing: You won't boot if this is messed up, since the TSS descriptor will be
corrupted. Verified the assembler and booted.
Signed-off-by: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
i386 inline assembler cleanup.
This change encapsulates descriptor and task register management. Also,
it is possible to improve assembler generation in two cases; savesegment
may store the value in a register instead of a memory location, which
allows GCC to optimize stack variables into registers, and MOV MEM, SEG
is always a 16-bit write to memory, making the casting in math-emu
unnecessary.
Signed-off-by: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
i386 arch cleanup. Introduce the serialize macro to serialize processor
state. Why the microcode update needs it I am not quite sure, since wrmsr()
is already a serializing instruction, but it is a microcode update, so I will
keep the semantic the same, since this could be a timing workaround. As far
as I can tell, this has always been there since the original microcode update
source.
Signed-off-by: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
i386 Inline asm cleanup. Use cr/dr accessor functions.
Also, a potential bugfix. Also, some CR accessors really should be volatile.
Reads from CR0 (numeric state may change in an exception handler), writes to
CR4 (flipping CR4.TSD) and reads from CR2 (page fault) prevent instruction
re-ordering. I did not add memory clobber to CR3 / CR4 / CR0 updates, as it
was not there to begin with, and in no case should kernel memory be clobbered,
except when doing a TLB flush, which already has memory clobber.
I noticed that page invalidation does not have a memory clobber. I can't find
a bug as a result, but there is definitely a potential for a bug here:
#define __flush_tlb_single(addr) \
__asm__ __volatile__("invlpg %0": :"m" (*(char *) addr))
Signed-off-by: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This is subarch update for ES7000. I've modified platform check code and
removed unnecessary OEM table parsing for newer systems that don't use OEM
information during boot. Parsing the table in fact is causing problems,
and the platform doesn't get recognized. The patch only affects the ES7000
subach.
Signed-off-by: <Natalie.Protasevich@unisys.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
i386 generic subarchitecture requires explicit dmi strings or command line
to enable bigsmp mode. The patch below removes that restriction, and uses
bigsmp as soon as it finds more than 8 logical CPUs, Intel processors and
xAPIC support.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The memory descriptors that comprise the EFI memory map are not fixed in
stone such that the size could change in the future. This uses the memory
descriptor size obtained from EFI to iterate over the memory map entries
during boot. This enables the removal of an x86 specific pad (and ifdef)
in the EFI header. I also couldn't stomach the broken up nature of the
function to put EFI runtime calls into virtual mode any longer so I fixed
that up a bit as well.
For reference, this patch only impacts x86.
Signed-off-by: Matt Tolentino <matthew.e.tolentino@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Add a new accessor for PTEs, which passes the full hint from the mmu_gather
struct; this allows architectures with hardware pagetables to optimize away
atomic PTE operations when destroying an address space. Removing the
locked operation should allow better pipelining of memory access in this
loop. I measured an average savings of 30-35 cycles per zap_pte_range on
the first 500 destructions on Pentium-M, but I believe the optimization
would win more on older processors which still assert the bus lock on xchg
for an exclusive cacheline.
Update: I made some new measurements, and this saves exactly 26 cycles over
ptep_get_and_clear on Pentium M. On P4, with a PAE kernel, this saves 180
cycles per ptep_get_and_clear, for a whopping 92160 cycles savings for a
full address space destruction.
pte_clear_full is not yet used, but is provided for future optimizations
(in particular, when running inside of a hypervisor that queues page table
updates, the full hint allows us to avoid queueing unnecessary page table
update for an address space in the process of being destroyed.
This is not a huge win, but it does help a bit, and sets the stage for
further hypervisor optimization of the mm layer on all architectures.
Signed-off-by: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <christoph@lameter.com>
Cc: <linux-mm@kvack.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This is used only in slab.c and each architecture gets to define whcih
underlying type is to be used.
Seems a bit silly - move it to slab.c and use the same type for all
architectures: unsigned int.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
I don't think we need to call hugetlb_clean_stale_pgtable() anymore
in 2.6.13 because of the rework with free_pgtables(). It now collect
all the pte page at the time of munmap. It used to only collect page
table pages when entire one pgd can be freed and left with staled pte
pages. Not anymore with 2.6.13. This function will never be called
and We should turn it into a BUG_ON.
I also spotted two problems here, not Adam's fault :-)
(1) in huge_pte_alloc(), it looks like a bug to me that pud is not
checked before calling pmd_alloc()
(2) in hugetlb_clean_stale_pgtable(), it also missed a call to
pmd_free_tlb. I think a tlb flush is required to flush the mapping
for the page table itself when we clear out the pmd pointing to a
pte page. However, since hugetlb_clean_stale_pgtable() is never
called, so it won't trigger the bug.
Signed-off-by: Ken Chen <kenneth.w.chen@intel.com>
Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch adds a macro pte_huge(pte) for i386/x86_64 which is needed by a
patch later in the series. Instead of repeating (_PAGE_PRESENT |
_PAGE_PSE), I've added __LARGE_PTE to i386 to match x86_64.
Signed-off-by: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Cc: <linux-mm@kvack.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
_PAGE_FILE does not indicate whether a file is in page / swap cache, it is
set just for non-linear PTE's. Correct the comment for i386, x86_64, UML.
Also clearify _PAGE_NONE.
Signed-off-by: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Someone mentioned that almost all the architectures used basically the same
implementation of get_order. This patch consolidates them into
asm-generic/page.h and includes that in the appropriate places. The
exceptions are ia64 and ppc which have their own (presumably optimised)
versions.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Delete the ability to build an ACPI kernel that does
not include PCI support. When such a machine is created
and it requires a tuned kernel, send a patch.
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1364
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Chuck Ebbert noticed that the desc_empty macro is incorrect. Fix it.
Thankfully, this is not used as a security check, but it can falsely
overwrite TLS segments with carefully chosen base / limits. I do not
believe this is an issue in practice, but it is a kernel bug.
Signed-off-by: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@osdl.org>
[ x86-64 had the same problem, and the same fix. Linus ]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This reverts commits
71db63acff
[PATCH] increase PCIBIOS_MIN_IO on x86
and
0b2bfb4e7f
ACPI: increase PCIBIOS_MIN_IO on x86
since Lukas Sandströ<lukass@etek.chalmers.se> reports that this breaks
his on-board nvidia audio.
We should re-visit this later. For now we revert the change
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
In file included from linux-2.6.13-rc5/arch/i386/kernel/timers/timer_pit.c:20:
linux-2.6.13-rc5/include/asm-i386/mach-visws/do_timer.h: In function `do_timer_overflow':
linux-2.6.13-rc5/include/asm-i386/mach-visws/do_timer.h:32: error: `i8259A_lock' undeclared (first use in this function)
linux-2.6.13-rc5/include/asm-i386/mach-visws/do_timer.h:32: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
linux-2.6.13-rc5/include/asm-i386/mach-visws/do_timer.h:32: error: for each function it appears in.)
make[3]: *** [arch/i386/kernel/timers/timer_pit.o] Error 1
make[2]: *** [arch/i386/kernel/timers] Error 2
make[1]: *** [arch/i386/kernel] Error 2
make: *** [_all] Error 2
Signed-off-by: Tom Duffy <thomas.duffy.99@alumni.brown.edu>
Cc: Andrey Panin <pazke@orbita1.ru>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
There is a number of x86 laptops that have some non-PCI IO ports
in the 0x1000-0x1fff range, and it's quite hard to control the correct
order of resource allocation between PCI and other subsystems controlling
these ports. Especially with modular kernel.
So just increase PCIBIOS_MIN_IO to 0x4000 to prevent any new PCI
resource allocations in the problematic range (this limitation must
apply _only_ to the root bus resources - see Linus' change in
pci_bus_alloc_resource). As PCIBIOS_MIN_IO and PCIBIOS_MIN_CARDBUS_IO
are the same now on i386 and x86-64, we can remove the latter.
Signed-off-by: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Some edge problems with the original C rewrite.
Thanks go to Cal Peake, who pinpointed the breakage to the rewrite, and
tested this fixed version.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Avoid using "rep scas", just let the compiler select a sequence of
regular instructions.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
include/asm/ptrace.h: In function `user_mode_vm':
include/asm/ptrace.h:67: `VM_MASK' undeclared (first use in this function)
Cc: Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
- make the new user_mode() return 0 or 1 (same as x86_64)
- remove conditional jump from user_mode_vm() it's called every timer
tick on each CPU on SMP)
Signed-off-by: Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
set_cpus_allowed is not safe in interrupt context
and disabling apics is complicated code so don't
call machine_shutdown on i386 from emergency_restart().
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
When the kernel is working well and we want to restart cleanly
kernel_restart is the function to use. But in many instances
the kernel wants to reboot when thing are expected to be working
very badly such as from panic or a software watchdog handler.
This patch adds the function emergency_restart() so that
callers can be clear what semantics they expect when calling
restart. emergency_restart() is expected to be callable
from interrupt context and possibly reliable in even more
trying circumstances.
This is an initial generic implementation for all architectures.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This one ends up using an inline asm format that claims to read memory
and then clobber it (rather than just write it directly), which made it
easier to use the existing "alternative_input()" infrastructure support.
Now the fxsave code matches the fxrstor.
It's really just a single instruction, conditional on whether the CPU
supports FXSR or not, so implement it as such instead of making it a
function that queries FXSR dynamically.
This means that the instruction just gets automatically rewritten to the
correct one at boot-time.
inotify is intended to correct the deficiencies of dnotify, particularly
its inability to scale and its terrible user interface:
* dnotify requires the opening of one fd per each directory
that you intend to watch. This quickly results in too many
open files and pins removable media, preventing unmount.
* dnotify is directory-based. You only learn about changes to
directories. Sure, a change to a file in a directory affects
the directory, but you are then forced to keep a cache of
stat structures.
* dnotify's interface to user-space is awful. Signals?
inotify provides a more usable, simple, powerful solution to file change
notification:
* inotify's interface is a system call that returns a fd, not SIGIO.
You get a single fd, which is select()-able.
* inotify has an event that says "the filesystem that the item
you were watching is on was unmounted."
* inotify can watch directories or files.
Inotify is currently used by Beagle (a desktop search infrastructure),
Gamin (a FAM replacement), and other projects.
See Documentation/filesystems/inotify.txt.
Signed-off-by: Robert Love <rml@novell.com>
Cc: John McCutchan <ttb@tentacle.dhs.org>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
http://bugme.osdl.org/show_bug.cgi?id=4016
Written-by: David Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Acked-by: Adam Belay <abelay@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
If CONFIG_NUMA isn't set, we use the define in <linux/mmzone.h> for
early_pfn_to_nid (which defines it to 0).
Because of this, the prototype needs to move inside the CONFIG_NUMA too, or
anal gcc's get really confused.
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The recent cleanups to asm-i386/mmzone.h were suboptimal nesting an ifdef of
the same symbol. This patch removes some of the ifdef'ery to make things more
readable again.
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
There has been some discuss about solving the SMP MTRR suspend/resume
breakage, but I didn't find a patch for it. This is an intent for it. The
basic idea is moving mtrr initializing into cpu_identify for all APs (so it
works for cpu hotplug). For BP, restore_processor_state is responsible for
restoring MTRR.
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Acked-by: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Remove legacy ISA serial ports for Accent, Boca, Fourport, Hub6 and MCA
from the architecture specific serial.h include.
The only ports which remain in asm-*/serial.h are the platform specific
entries. These should really be converted by platform maintainers to
use a platform device, such as can be found in
arch/arm/mach-footbridge/isa.c
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
With CONFIG_PCI=n:
In file included from include/linux/pci.h:917,
from lib/iomap.c:6:
include/asm/pci.h:104: warning: `enum pci_dma_burst_strategy' declared inside parameter list
include/asm/pci.h:104: warning: its scope is only this definition or declaration, which is probably not what you want.
include/asm/pci.h: In function `pci_dma_burst_advice':
include/asm/pci.h:106: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type
include/asm/pci.h:106: `PCI_DMA_BURST_INFINITY' undeclared (first use in this function)
include/asm/pci.h:106: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
include/asm/pci.h:106: for each function it appears in.)
make[1]: *** [lib/iomap.o] Error 1
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
After seeing, at best, "guesses" as to the following kind
of information in several drivers, I decided that we really
need a way for platforms to specifically give advice in this
area for what works best with their PCI controller implementation.
Basically, this new interface gives DMA bursting advice on
PCI. There are three forms of the advice:
1) Burst as much as possible, it is not necessary to end bursts
on some particular boundary for best performance.
2) Burst on some byte count multiple. A DMA burst to some multiple of
number of bytes may be done, but it is important to end the burst
on an exact multiple for best performance.
The best example of this I am aware of are the PPC64 PCI
controllers, where if you end a burst mid-cacheline then
chip has to refetch the data and the IOMMU translations
which hurts performance a lot.
3) Burst on a single byte count multiple. Bursts shall end
exactly on the next multiple boundary for best performance.
Sparc64 and Alpha's PCI controllers operate this way. They
disconnect any device which tries to burst across a cacheline
boundary.
Actually, newer sparc64 PCI controllers do not have this behavior.
That is why the "pdev" is passed into the interface, so I can
add code later to check which PCI controller the system is using
and give advice accordingly.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Old ISA/VESA systems sometimes put tertiary IDE controllers at addresses
0x1e8, 0x168, 0x1e0 or 0x160. Linux thus probes these addresses on x86
systems. Unfortunately some PCI systems now use these addresses for other
purposes which leads to users seeing minute plus hangs during boot or even
crashes.
The following patch (again has been in Fedora for a while) only probes the
obscure legacy ISA ports on machinea that are pre-PCI. This seems to keep
everyone happy and if there is someone with that utterly weird corner case
the ide= command line still provides a get out of jail card.
Unsurprisingly we've not found anyone so affected.
Signed-off-by: Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <B.Zolnierkiewicz@elka.pw.edu.pl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
I believe at least for seccomp it's worth to turn off the tsc, not just for
HT but for the L2 cache too. So it's up to you, either you turn it off
completely (which isn't very nice IMHO) or I recommend to apply this below
patch.
This has been tested successfully on x86-64 against current cogito
repository (i686 compiles so I didn't bother testing ;). People selling
the cpu through cpushare may appreciate this bit for a peace of mind.
There's no way to get any timing info anymore with this applied
(gettimeofday is forbidden of course). The seccomp environment is
completely deterministic so it can't be allowed to get timing info, it has
to be deterministic so in the future I can enable a computing mode that
does a parallel computing for each task with server side transparent
checkpointing and verification that the output is the same from all the 2/3
seller computers for each task, without the buyer even noticing (for now
the verification is left to the buyer client side and there's no
checkpointing, since that would require more kernel changes to track the
dirty bits but it'll be easy to extend once the basic mode is finished).
Eliminating a cold-cache read of the cr4 global variable will save one
cacheline during the tlb flush while making the code per-cpu-safe at the
same time. Thanks to Mikael Pettersson for noticing the tlb flush wasn't
per-cpu-safe.
The global tlb flush can run from irq (IPI calling do_flush_tlb_all) but
it'll be transparent to the switch_to code since the IPI won't make any
change to the cr4 contents from the point of view of the interrupted code
and since it's now all per-cpu stuff, it will not race. So no need to
disable irqs in switch_to slow path.
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@cpushare.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This updates the CFQ io scheduler to the new time sliced design (cfq
v3). It provides full process fairness, while giving excellent
aggregate system throughput even for many competing processes. It
supports io priorities, either inherited from the cpu nice value or set
directly with the ioprio_get/set syscalls. The latter closely mimic
set/getpriority.
This import is based on my latest from -mm.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch provides the interfaces necessary to read the dump contents,
treating it as a high memory device.
Signed off by Hariprasad Nellitheertha <hari@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
o Following patch exports kexec global variable "crash_notes" to user space
through sysfs as kernel attribute in /sys/kernel.
Signed-off-by: Maneesh Soni <maneesh@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This is the i386 implementation of kexec.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
For one kernel to report a crash another kernel has created we need
to have 2 kernels loaded simultaneously in memory. To accomplish this
the two kernels need to built to run at different physical addresses.
This patch adds the CONFIG_PHYSICAL_START option to the x86 kernel
so we can do just that. You need to know what you are doing and
the ramifications are before changing this value, and most users
won't care so I have made it depend on CONFIG_EMBEDDED
bzImage kernels will work and run at a different address when compiled
with this option but they will still load at 1MB. If you need a kernel
loaded at a different address as well you need to boot a vmlinux.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
When coming out of apic mode attempt to set the appropriate
apic back into virtual wire mode. This improves on previous versions
of this patch by by never setting bot the local apic and the ioapic
into veritual wire mode.
This code looks at data from the mptable to see if an ioapic has
an ExtInt input to make this decision. A future improvement
is to figure out which apic or ioapic was in virtual wire mode
at boot time and to remember it. That is potentially a more accurate
method, of selecting which apic to place in virutal wire mode.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
From: "Maciej W. Rozycki" <macro@linux-mips.org>
Fix a kexec problem whcih causes local APIC detection failure.
The problem is detect_init_APIC() is called early, before the command line
have been processed. Therefore "lapic" (and "nolapic") have not been seen,
yet.
Signed-off-by: Maciej W. Rozycki <macro@linux-mips.org>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
From: "Maciej W. Rozycki" <macro@linux-mips.org>
Rename APIC_MODE_EXINT to APIC_MODE_EXTINT - I think it should be named
after what the mode is called in documentation.
From: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@lnxi.com>
I have reduced this patch to just the name change in the header. And
integrated the changes into the patches that add those
lines. Otherwise I ran into some ugly dependencies.
Signed-off-by: Maciej W. Rozycki <macro@linux-mips.org
Signed-off-by: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Do some basic initial tuning.
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Remove the very aggressive idle stuff that has recently gone into 2.6 - it is
going against the direction we are trying to go. Hopefully we can regain
performance through other methods.
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Do CPU load averaging over a number of different intervals. Allow each
interval to be chosen by sending a parameter to source_load and target_load.
0 is instantaneous, idx > 0 returns a decaying average with the most recent
sample weighted at 2^(idx-1). To a maximum of 3 (could be easily increased).
So generally a higher number will result in more conservative balancing.
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2.6.12-rc6-mm1 has a few remaining synchronize_kernel()s, some (but not
all) in comments. This patch changes these synchronize_kernel() calls (and
comments) to synchronize_rcu() or synchronize_sched() as follows:
- arch/x86_64/kernel/mce.c mce_read(): change to synchronize_sched() to
handle races with machine-check exceptions (synchronize_rcu() would not cut
it given RCU implementations intended for hardcore realtime use.
- drivers/input/serio/i8042.c i8042_stop(): change to synchronize_sched() to
handle races with i8042_interrupt() interrupt handler. Again,
synchronize_rcu() would not cut it given RCU implementations intended for
hardcore realtime use.
- include/*/kdebug.h comments: change to synchronize_sched() to handle races
with NMIs. As before, synchronize_rcu() would not cut it...
- include/linux/list.h comment: change to synchronize_rcu(), since this
comment is for list_del_rcu().
- security/keys/key.c unregister_key_type(): change to synchronize_rcu(),
since this is interacting with RCU read side.
- security/keys/process_keys.c install_session_keyring(): change to
synchronize_rcu(), since this is interacting with RCU read side.
Signed-off-by: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
I really wish smp_prepare_cpu() would disappear eventually. In the interim
this is ideally a weak function, so we dont end up changing several places
to define this dummy in headers.
Today since the dummy declaration is done only in drivers/base/cpu.c but
the function is called in kernel/power/smp.c i get undefined reference in
my cpu hotplug code for x86_64 under development.
Signed-off-by: Ashok Raj <ashok.raj@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Clean CPU states in order to reuse smp boot code for CPU hotplug.
Signed-off-by: Li Shaohua<shaohua.li@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Make SEP init per-cpu, so it is hotplug safe.
Signed-off-by: Li Shaohua<shaohua.li@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ashok Raj <ashok.raj@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch introduces a startup parameter no_broadcast. When we enable
CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU, we dont want to use broadcast shortcut as it has ill
effects on a offline cpu. If we issue broadcast, the IPI is also delivered
to offline cpus, or partially up cpu causing stale IPI's to be handled,
which is a problem and can cause undesirable effects.
Introduces a new startup cmdline option no_ipi_broadcast, that can be
switched at cmdline if necessary.
Signed-off-by: Ashok Raj <ashok.raj@intel.com>
Acked-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
(The i386 CPU hotplug patch provides infrastructure for some work which Pavel
is doing as well as for ACPI S3 (suspend-to-RAM) work which Li Shaohua
<shaohua.li@intel.com> is doing)
The following provides i386 architecture support for safely unregistering and
registering processors during runtime, updated for the current -mm tree. In
order to avoid dumping cpu hotplug code into kernel/irq/* i dropped the
cpu_online check in do_IRQ() by modifying fixup_irqs(). The difference being
that on cpu offline, fixup_irqs() is called before we clear the cpu from
cpu_online_map and a long delay in order to ensure that we never have any
queued external interrupts on the APICs. There are additional changes to s390
and ppc64 to account for this change.
1) Add CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
2) disable local APIC timer on dead cpus.
3) Disable preempt around irq balancing to prevent CPUs going down.
4) Print irq stats for all possible cpus.
5) Debugging check for interrupts on offline cpus.
6) Hacky fixup_irqs() to redirect irqs when cpus go off/online.
7) play_dead() for offline cpus to spin inside.
8) Handle offline cpus set in flush_tlb_others().
9) Grab lock earlier in smp_call_function() to prevent CPUs going down.
10) Implement __cpu_disable() and __cpu_die().
11) Enable local interrupts in cpu_enable() after fixup_irqs()
12) Don't fiddle with NMI on dead cpu, but leave intact on other cpus.
13) Program IRQ affinity whilst cpu is still in cpu_online_map on offline.
Signed-off-by: Zwane Mwaikambo <zwane@linuxpower.ca>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
They don't actually clobber memory, but gcc doesn't even know they
_read_ memory, so can apparently re-order memory accesses around them.
Which obviously does the wrong thing if the memory access happens to
change the memory that the compare function is accessing..
Verified to fix a strange boot problem by Jens Axboe.
This patch adds function-return probes to kprobes for the i386
architecture. This enables you to establish a handler to be run when a
function returns.
1. API
Two new functions are added to kprobes:
int register_kretprobe(struct kretprobe *rp);
void unregister_kretprobe(struct kretprobe *rp);
2. Registration and unregistration
2.1 Register
To register a function-return probe, the user populates the following
fields in a kretprobe object and calls register_kretprobe() with the
kretprobe address as an argument:
kp.addr - the function's address
handler - this function is run after the ret instruction executes, but
before control returns to the return address in the caller.
maxactive - The maximum number of instances of the probed function that
can be active concurrently. For example, if the function is non-
recursive and is called with a spinlock or mutex held, maxactive = 1
should be enough. If the function is non-recursive and can never
relinquish the CPU (e.g., via a semaphore or preemption), NR_CPUS should
be enough. maxactive is used to determine how many kretprobe_instance
objects to allocate for this particular probed function. If maxactive <=
0, it is set to a default value (if CONFIG_PREEMPT maxactive=max(10, 2 *
NR_CPUS) else maxactive=NR_CPUS)
For example:
struct kretprobe rp;
rp.kp.addr = /* entrypoint address */
rp.handler = /*return probe handler */
rp.maxactive = /* e.g., 1 or NR_CPUS or 0, see the above explanation */
register_kretprobe(&rp);
The following field may also be of interest:
nmissed - Initialized to zero when the function-return probe is
registered, and incremented every time the probed function is entered but
there is no kretprobe_instance object available for establishing the
function-return probe (i.e., because maxactive was set too low).
2.2 Unregister
To unregiter a function-return probe, the user calls
unregister_kretprobe() with the same kretprobe object as registered
previously. If a probed function is running when the return probe is
unregistered, the function will return as expected, but the handler won't
be run.
3. Limitations
3.1 This patch supports only the i386 architecture, but patches for
x86_64 and ppc64 are anticipated soon.
3.2 Return probes operates by replacing the return address in the stack
(or in a known register, such as the lr register for ppc). This may
cause __builtin_return_address(0), when invoked from the return-probed
function, to return the address of the return-probes trampoline.
3.3 This implementation uses the "Multiprobes at an address" feature in
2.6.12-rc3-mm3.
3.4 Due to a limitation in multi-probes, you cannot currently establish
a return probe and a jprobe on the same function. A patch to remove
this limitation is being tested.
This feature is required by SystemTap (http://sourceware.org/systemtap),
and reflects ideas contributed by several SystemTap developers, including
Will Cohen and Ananth Mavinakayanahalli.
Signed-off-by: Hien Nguyen <hien@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Frederik Deweerdt <frederik.deweerdt@laposte.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The preempt_count member of struct thread_info is currently either defined
as int, unsigned int or __s32 depending on arch. This patch makes the type
of preempt_count an int on all archs.
Having preempt_count be an unsigned type prevents the catching of
preempt_count < 0 bugs, and using int on some archs and __s32 on others is
not exactely "neat" - much nicer when it's just int all over.
A previous version of this patch was already ACK'ed by Robert Love, and the
only change in this version of the patch compared to the one he ACK'ed is
that this one also makes sure the preempt_count member is consistently
commented.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl <juhl-lkml@dif.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Rename user_mode to user_mode_vm and add a user_mode macro similar to the
x86-64 one.
This is useful for Xen because the linux xen kernel does not runs on the same
priviledge that a vanilla linux kernel, and with this we just need to redefine
user_mode().
Signed-off-by: Vincent Hanquez <vincent.hanquez@cl.cam.ac.uk>
Cc: Ian Pratt <m+Ian.Pratt@cl.cam.ac.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Add 2 macros to set and get debugreg on x86. This is useful for Xen because
it will need only to redefine each macro to a hypervisor call.
Signed-off-by: Vincent Hanquez <vincent.hanquez@cl.cam.ac.uk>
Cc: Ian Pratt <m+Ian.Pratt@cl.cam.ac.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
x86_64's cpu_khz is unsigned int and there is no reason why x86 needs to use
unsigned long.
So make cpu_khz unsigned int on x86 as well.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
csum_and_copy_to_user is static inline and uses VERIFY_WRITE. Patch allows
to remove asm/uaccess.h from i386_ksyms.c without dependency surprises.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Make the timer frequency selectable. The timer interrupt may cause bus
and memory contention in large NUMA systems since the interrupt occurs
on each processor HZ times per second.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <christoph@lameter.com>
Signed-off-by: Shai Fultheim <shai@scalex86.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch is per Andi's request to remove NO_IOAPIC_CHECK from genapic and
use heuristics to prevent unique I/O APIC ID check for systems that don't
need it. The patch disables unique I/O APIC ID check for Xeon-based and
other platforms that don't use serial APIC bus for interrupt delivery.
Andi stated that AMD systems don't need unique IO_APIC_IDs either.
Signed-off-by: Natalie Protasevich <Natalie.Protasevich@unisys.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Define pcibus_to_node to be able to figure out which NUMA node contains a
given PCI device. This defines pcibus_to_node(bus) in
include/linux/topology.h and adjusts the macros for i386 and x86_64 that
already provided a way to determine the cpumask of a pci device.
x86_64 was changed to not build an array of cpumasks anymore. Instead an
array of nodes is build which can be used to generate the cpumask via
node_to_cpumask.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <christoph@lameter.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Issue:
Current tsc based delay_calibration can result in significant errors in
loops_per_jiffy count when the platform events like SMIs
(System Management Interrupts that are non-maskable) are present. This could
lead to potential kernel panic(). This issue is becoming more visible with 2.6
kernel (as default HZ is 1000) and on platforms with higher SMI handling
latencies. During the boot time, SMIs are mostly used by BIOS (for things
like legacy keyboard emulation).
Description:
The psuedocode for current delay calibration with tsc based delay looks like
(0) Estimate a value for loops_per_jiffy
(1) While (loops_per_jiffy estimate is accurate enough)
(2) wait for jiffy transition (jiffy1)
(3) Note down current tsc (tsc1)
(4) loop until tsc becomes tsc1 + loops_per_jiffy
(5) check whether jiffy changed since jiffy1 or not and refine
loops_per_jiffy estimate
Consider the following cases
Case 1:
If SMIs happen between (2) and (3) above, we can end up with a
loops_per_jiffy value that is too low. This results in shorted delays and
kernel can panic () during boot (Mostly at IOAPIC timer initialization
timer_irq_works() as we don't have enough timer interrupts in a specified
interval).
Case 2:
If SMIs happen between (3) and (4) above, then we can end up with a
loops_per_jiffy value that is too high. And with current i386 code, too
high lpj value (greater than 17M) can result in a overflow in
delay.c:__const_udelay() again resulting in shorter delay and panic().
Solution:
The patch below makes the calibration routine aware of asynchronous events
like SMIs. We increase the delay calibration time and also identify any
significant errors (greater than 12.5%) in the calibration and notify it to
user.
Patch below changes both i386 and x86-64 architectures to use this
new and improved calibrate_delay_direct() routine.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Provide the architecture specific implementation for SPARSEMEM for i386 SMP
and NUMA systems.
Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <haveblue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Bligh <mbligh@aracnet.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Provide a default implementation for early_pfn_to_nid returning node 0. Allow
architectures to override this with their own implementation out of
asm/mmzone.h.
Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <haveblue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Bligh <mbligh@aracnet.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
discontig.c has some assumptions that mem_map[]s inside of a node are
contiguous. Teach it to make sure that each region that it's bringing online
is actually made up of valid ranges of ram.
Written-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <haveblue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch effectively eliminates direct use of pgdat->node_mem_map outside
of the DISCONTIG code. On a flat memory system, these fields aren't
currently used, neither are they on a sparsemem system.
There was also a node_mem_map(nid) macro on many architectures. Its use
along with the use of ->node_mem_map itself was not consistent. It has
been removed in favor of two new, more explicit, arch-independent macros:
pgdat_page_nr(pgdat, pagenr)
nid_page_nr(nid, pagenr)
I called them "pgdat" and "nid" because we overload the term "node" to mean
"NUMA node", "DISCONTIG node" or "pg_data_t" in very confusing ways. I
believe the newer names are much clearer.
These macros can be overridden in the sparsemem case with a theoretically
slower operation using node_start_pfn and pfn_to_page(), instead. We could
make this the only behavior if people want, but I don't want to change too
much at once. One thing at a time.
This patch removes more code than it adds.
Compile tested on alpha, alpha discontig, arm, arm-discontig, i386, i386
generic, NUMAQ, Summit, ppc64, ppc64 discontig, and x86_64. Full list
here: http://sr71.net/patches/2.6.12/2.6.12-rc1-mhp2/configs/
Boot tested on NUMAQ, x86 SMP and ppc64 power4/5 LPARs.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <haveblue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin J. Bligh <mbligh@aracnet.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
A lot of the code in arch/*/mm/hugetlbpage.c is quite similar. This patch
attempts to consolidate a lot of the code across the arch's, putting the
combined version in mm/hugetlb.c. There are a couple of uglyish hacks in
order to covert all the hugepage archs, but the result is a very large
reduction in the total amount of code. It also means things like hugepage
lazy allocation could be implemented in one place, instead of six.
Tested, at least a little, on ppc64, i386 and x86_64.
Notes:
- this patch changes the meaning of set_huge_pte() to be more
analagous to set_pte()
- does SH4 need s special huge_ptep_get_and_clear()??
Acked-by: William Lee Irwin <wli@holomorphy.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This is the core of the (much simplified) early reclaim. The goal of this
patch is to reclaim some easily-freed pages from a zone before falling back
onto another zone.
One of the major uses of this is NUMA machines. With the default allocator
behavior the allocator would look for memory in another zone, which might be
off-node, before trying to reclaim from the current zone.
This adds a zone tuneable to enable early zone reclaim. It is selected on a
per-zone basis and is turned on/off via syscall.
Adding some extra throttling on the reclaim was also required (patch
4/4). Without the machine would grind to a crawl when doing a "make -j"
kernel build. Even with this patch the System Time is higher on
average, but it seems tolerable. Here are some numbers for kernbench
runs on a 2-node, 4cpu, 8Gig RAM Altix in the "make -j" run:
wall user sys %cpu ctx sw. sleeps
---- ---- --- ---- ------ ------
No patch 1009 1384 847 258 298170 504402
w/patch, no reclaim 880 1376 667 288 254064 396745
w/patch & reclaim 1079 1385 926 252 291625 548873
These numbers are the average of 2 runs of 3 "make -j" runs done right
after system boot. Run-to-run variability for "make -j" is huge, so
these numbers aren't terribly useful except to seee that with reclaim
the benchmark still finishes in a reasonable amount of time.
I also looked at the NUMA hit/miss stats for the "make -j" runs and the
reclaim doesn't make any difference when the machine is thrashing away.
Doing a "make -j8" on a single node that is filled with page cache pages
takes 700 seconds with reclaim turned on and 735 seconds without reclaim
(due to remote memory accesses).
The simple zone_reclaim syscall program is at
http://www.bork.org/~mort/sgi/zone_reclaim.c
Signed-off-by: Martin Hicks <mort@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch implements a number of smp_processor_id() cleanup ideas that
Arjan van de Ven and I came up with.
The previous __smp_processor_id/_smp_processor_id/smp_processor_id API
spaghetti was hard to follow both on the implementational and on the
usage side.
Some of the complexity arose from picking wrong names, some of the
complexity comes from the fact that not all architectures defined
__smp_processor_id.
In the new code, there are two externally visible symbols:
- smp_processor_id(): debug variant.
- raw_smp_processor_id(): nondebug variant. Replaces all existing
uses of _smp_processor_id() and __smp_processor_id(). Defined
by every SMP architecture in include/asm-*/smp.h.
There is one new internal symbol, dependent on DEBUG_PREEMPT:
- debug_smp_processor_id(): internal debug variant, mapped to
smp_processor_id().
Also, i moved debug_smp_processor_id() from lib/kernel_lock.c into a new
lib/smp_processor_id.c file. All related comments got updated and/or
clarified.
I have build/boot tested the following 8 .config combinations on x86:
{SMP,UP} x {PREEMPT,!PREEMPT} x {DEBUG_PREEMPT,!DEBUG_PREEMPT}
I have also build/boot tested x64 on UP/PREEMPT/DEBUG_PREEMPT. (Other
architectures are untested, but should work just fine.)
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
In file included from arch/i386/kernel/smp.c:235:
include/asm-i386/mach-numaq/mach_ipi.h:4: warning: `send_IPI_mask_sequence'
declared inline after its definition
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
When Linux is running on the Xen virtual machine monitor, physical
addresses are virtualised and cannot be directly referenced by the AGP
GART. This patch fixes the GART driver for Xen by adding a layer of
abstraction between physical addresses and 'GART addresses'.
Architecture-specific functions are also defined for allocating and freeing
the GATT. Xen requires this to ensure that table really is contiguous from
the point of view of the GART.
These extra interface functions are defined as 'no-ops' for all existing
architectures that use the GART driver.
Signed-off-by: Keir Fraser <keir@xensource.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Some cpufreq drivers (at that time, only powernow-k7) need to recalibrate the
cpu_khz at runtime.
Signed-off-by: Bruno Ducrot <ducrot@poupinou.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
We fixed this bug before, but it didn't take. It may have been the case
that the problem was first noticed to occur in a CONFIG_REGPARM compile.
But it's not regparm functions that need not to make tail calls, it's
asmlinkage functions called with a user pt_regs frame on the stack
supplying their arguments. prevent_tail_call probably doesn't do anything
at all in regparm functions (your argument registers are going to be
clobbered, period). It was a braino to conditionalize that definition in
the first place.
Signed-off-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
- Changed Name/defines from "Geode GX" to "Geode GX1" for clarification
- Dropped "-march=i586" in favor of "-march=i486"
- Dopped X86_OOSTORE support for Geode GX1
Signed-off-by: Kianusch Sayah Karadji <kianusch@sk-tech.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch makes some needlessly global identifiers static.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Acked-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjanv@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
New file - asm-generic/signal.h. Contains declarations of
__sighandler_t, __sigrestore_t, SIG_DFL, SIG_IGN, SIG_ERR and default
definitions of SIG_BLOCK, SIG_UNBLOCK and SIG_SETMASK.
asm-*/signal.h switched to including it. The only exception is
asm-parisc/signal.h that wants its own declaration of __sighandler_t;
that one is left as-is.
asm-ppc64/signal.h required one more thing - unlike everybody else it
used __sigrestorer_t instead of usual __sigrestore_t. PPC64 switched to
common spelling.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@parcelfarce.linux.theplanet.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
There were still a few comments left refering to verify_area, and two
functions, verify_area_skas & verify_area_tt that just wrap corresponding
access_ok_skas & access_ok_tt functions, just like verify_area does for
access_ok - deprecate those.
There was also a few places that still used verify_area in commented-out
code, fix those up to use access_ok.
After applying this one there should not be anything left but finally
removing verify_area completely, which will happen after a kernel release
or two.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl <juhl-lkml@dif.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The attached patch moves the IRQ-related SA_xxx flags (namely, SA_PROBE,
SA_SAMPLE_RANDOM and SA_SHIRQ) from all the arch-specific headers to
linux/signal.h. This looks like a left-over after the irq-handling code
was consolidated. The code was moved to kernel/irq/*, but the flags are
still left per-arch.
Right now, adding a new IRQ flag to the arch-specific header, like this
patch does:
http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/*checkout*/alsa/alsa-driver/utils/patches/pcsp-kernel-2.6.10-03.diff?rev=1.1
no longer works, it breaks the compilation for all other arches, unless you
add that flag to all the other arch-specific headers too. So I think such
a clean-up makes sense.
Signed-off-by: Stas Sergeev <stsp@aknet.ru>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch eliminates all kernel BUGs, trims about 35k off the typical
kernel, and makes the system slightly faster.
Signed-off-by: Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The specifications that talk about E820 map doesn't have an upper limit on
the number of e820 entries. But, today's kernel has a hard limit of 32.
With increase in memory size, we are seeing the number of E820 entries
reaching close to 32. Patch below bumps the number upto 128.
The patch changes the location of EDDBUF in zero-page (as it comes after E820).
As, EDDBUF is not used by boot loaders, this patch should not have any effect
on bootloader-setup code interface.
Patch covers both i386 and x86-64.
Tested on:
* grub booting bzImage
* lilo booting bzImage with EDID info enabled
* pxeboot of bzImage
Side-effect:
bss increases by ~ 2K and init.data increases by ~7.5K
on all systems, due to increase in size of static arrays.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Currently the i386 HPET code assumes the entire HPET implementation from
the spec is present. This breaks on boxes that do not implement the
optional legacy timer replacement functionality portion of the spec.
This patch, which is very similar to my x86-64 patch for the same issue,
fixes the problem allowing i386 systems that cannot use the HPET for the
timer interrupt and RTC to still use the HPET as a time source. I've
tested this patch on a system systems without HPET, with HPET but without
legacy timer replacement, as well as HPET with legacy timer replacement.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The recent support for K8 multicore was misported from x86-64 to i386, due
to an unnecessary inconsistency between the CPUID code. Sure, there is are
no x86-64 VIA chips yet, but it should happen eventually.
This patch fixes the i386 bug as well as makes x86-64 match i386 in the
handing of the CPUID array.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
A bug against an xSeries system showed up recently noting that the
check_nmi_watchdog() test was failing.
I have been investigating it and discovered in both i386 and x86_64 the
recent change to the routine to use the cpu_callin_map has uncovered a
problem. Prior to that change, on an SMP box, the test was trivally
passing because all cpu's were found to not yet be online, but now with the
callin_map they are discovered, it goes on to test the counter and they
have not yet begun to increment, so it announces a CPU is stuck and bails
out.
On all the systems I have access to test, the announcement of failure is
also bougs... by the time you can login and check /proc/interrupts, the
NMI count is happily incrementing on all CPUs. Its just that the test is
being done too early.
I have tried moving the call to the test around a bit, and it was always
too early. I finally hit on this proposed solution, it delays the routine
via a late_initcall(), seems like the right solution to me.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
The new i386/x86_64 assemblers no longer accept instructions for moving
between a segment register and a 32bit memory location, i.e.,
movl (%eax),%ds
movl %ds,(%eax)
To generate instructions for moving between a segment register and a
16bit memory location without the 16bit operand size prefix, 0x66,
mov (%eax),%ds
mov %ds,(%eax)
should be used. It will work with both new and old assemblers. The
assembler starting from 2.16.90.0.1 will also support
movw (%eax),%ds
movw %ds,(%eax)
without the 0x66 prefix. I am enclosing patches for 2.4 and 2.6 kernels
here. The resulting kernel binaries should be unchanged as before, with
old and new assemblers, if gcc never generates memory access for
unsigned gsindex;
asm volatile("movl %%gs,%0" : "=g" (gsindex));
If gcc does generate memory access for the code above, the upper bits
in gsindex are undefined and the new assembler doesn't allow it.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Replace misleading definition of FIRST_USER_PGD_NR 0 by definition of
FIRST_USER_ADDRESS 0 in all the MMU architectures beyond arm and arm26.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Appended patch adds the support for Intel dual-core detection and displaying
the core related information in /proc/cpuinfo.
It adds two new fields "core id" and "cpu cores" to x86 /proc/cpuinfo and the
"core id" field for x86_64("cpu cores" field is already present in x86_64).
Number of processor cores in a die is detected using cpuid(4) and this is
documented in IA-32 Intel Architecture Software Developer's Manual (vol 2a)
(http://developer.intel.com/design/pentium4/manuals/index_new.htm#sdm_vol2a)
This patch also adds cpu_core_map similar to cpu_sibling_map.
Slightly hacked by AK.
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This moves the macro loaddebug from asm-i386/suspend.h to
asm-i386/processor.h, which is the place that makes sense for it to be
defined, removes the extra copy of the same macro in
arch/i386/kernel/process.c, and makes arch/i386/kernel/signal.c use the
macro in place of its expansion.
This is a purely cosmetic cleanup for the normal i386 kernel. However, it
is handy for Xen to be able to just redefine the loaddebug macro once
instead of also changing the signal.c code.
Signed-off-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history,
even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git
archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about
3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early
git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good
infrastructure for it.
Let it rip!
