Commit graph

41 commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Srinivasa D S
ef53d9c5e4 kprobes: improve kretprobe scalability with hashed locking
Currently list of kretprobe instances are stored in kretprobe object (as
used_instances,free_instances) and in kretprobe hash table.  We have one
global kretprobe lock to serialise the access to these lists.  This causes
only one kretprobe handler to execute at a time.  Hence affects system
performance, particularly on SMP systems and when return probe is set on
lot of functions (like on all systemcalls).

Solution proposed here gives fine-grain locks that performs better on SMP
system compared to present kretprobe implementation.

Solution:

 1) Instead of having one global lock to protect kretprobe instances
    present in kretprobe object and kretprobe hash table.  We will have
    two locks, one lock for protecting kretprobe hash table and another
    lock for kretporbe object.

 2) We hold lock present in kretprobe object while we modify kretprobe
    instance in kretprobe object and we hold per-hash-list lock while
    modifying kretprobe instances present in that hash list.  To prevent
    deadlock, we never grab a per-hash-list lock while holding a kretprobe
    lock.

 3) We can remove used_instances from struct kretprobe, as we can
    track used instances of kretprobe instances using kretprobe hash
    table.

Time duration for kernel compilation ("make -j 8") on a 8-way ppc64 system
with return probes set on all systemcalls looks like this.

cacheline              non-cacheline             Un-patched kernel
aligned patch 	       aligned patch
===============================================================================
real    9m46.784s       9m54.412s                  10m2.450s
user    40m5.715s       40m7.142s                  40m4.273s
sys     2m57.754s       2m58.583s                  3m17.430s
===========================================================

Time duration for kernel compilation ("make -j 8) on the same system, when
kernel is not probed.
=========================
real    9m26.389s
user    40m8.775s
sys     2m7.283s
=========================

Signed-off-by: Srinivasa DS <srinivasa@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jim Keniston <jkenisto@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-07-25 10:53:30 -07:00
Abhishek Sagar
785656a41f kprobes: enable clean usage of get_kprobe
Allow clean use of get_kprobe() outside of core kprobe code. Ftrace makes use
of get_kprobe to identify probes installed on mcount call-sites.

Signed-off-by: Abhishek Sagar <sagar.abhishek@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Cc: jkenisto@us.ibm.com
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2008-06-23 22:10:57 +02:00
Masami Hiramatsu
26b31c1908 kprobes: add (un)register_jprobes for batch registration
Introduce unregister_/register_jprobes() for jprobe batch registration.

Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Jim Keniston <jkenisto@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: "Frank Ch. Eigler" <fche@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-04-28 08:58:32 -07:00
Masami Hiramatsu
4a296e07c3 kprobes: add (un)register_kretprobes for batch registration
Introduce unregister_/register_kretprobes() for kretprobe batch registration.

Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Jim Keniston <jkenisto@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: "Frank Ch. Eigler" <fche@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-04-28 08:58:32 -07:00
Masami Hiramatsu
9861668f74 kprobes: add (un)register_kprobes for batch registration
Introduce unregister_/register_kprobes() for kprobe batch registration.  This
can reduce waiting time for synchronized_sched() when a lot of probes have to
be unregistered at once.

Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Jim Keniston <jkenisto@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: "Frank Ch. Eigler" <fche@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-04-28 08:58:32 -07:00
Srinivasa Ds
3d8d996e0c kprobes: prevent probing of preempt_schedule()
Prohibit users from probing preempt_schedule().  One way of prohibiting the
user from probing functions is by marking such functions with __kprobes.  But
this method doesn't work for those functions, which are already marked to
different section like preempt_schedule() (belongs to __sched section).  So we
use blacklist approach to refuse user from probing these functions.

In blacklist approach we populate the blacklisted function's starting address
and its size in kprobe_blacklist structure.  Then we verify the user specified
address against start and end of the blacklisted function.  So any attempt to
register probe on blacklisted functions will be rejected.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Srinivasa DS <srinivasa@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jim Keniston <jkenisto@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <haveblue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-04-28 08:58:32 -07:00
Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli
9edddaa200 Kprobes: indicate kretprobe support in Kconfig
Add CONFIG_HAVE_KRETPROBES to the arch/<arch>/Kconfig file for relevant
architectures with kprobes support.  This facilitates easy handling of
in-kernel modules (like samples/kprobes/kretprobe_example.c) that depend on
kretprobes being present in the kernel.

Thanks to Sam Ravnborg for helping make the patch more lean.

Per Mathieu's suggestion, added CONFIG_KRETPROBES and fixed up dependencies.

Signed-off-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-03-04 16:35:11 -08:00
Abhishek Sagar
f47cd9b553 kprobes: kretprobe user entry-handler
Provide support to add an optional user defined callback to be run at
function entry of a kretprobe'd function.  Also modify the kprobe smoke
tests to include an entry-handler during the kretprobe sanity test.

Signed-off-by: Abhishek Sagar <sagar.abhishek@gmail.com>
Cc: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Acked-by: Jim Keniston <jkenisto@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2008-02-06 10:41:11 -08:00
Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli
8c1c935642 x86: kprobes: add kprobes smoke tests that run on boot
Here is a quick and naive smoke test for kprobes. This is intended to
just verify if some unrelated change broke the *probes subsystem. It is
self contained, architecture agnostic and isn't of any great use by itself.

This needs to be built in the kernel and runs a basic set of tests to
verify if kprobes, jprobes and kretprobes run fine on the kernel. In case
of an error, it'll print out a message with a "BUG" prefix.

This is a start; we intend to add more tests to this bucket over time.

Thanks to Jim Keniston and Masami Hiramatsu for comments and suggestions.

Tested on x86 (32/64) and powerpc.

Signed-off-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2008-01-30 13:32:53 +01:00
Masami Hiramatsu
f438d914b2 kprobes: support kretprobe blacklist
Introduce architecture dependent kretprobe blacklists to prohibit users
from inserting return probes on the function in which kprobes can be
inserted but kretprobes can not.

This patch also removes "__kprobes" mark from "__switch_to" on x86_64 and
registers "__switch_to" to the blacklist on x86-64, because that mark is to
prohibit user from inserting only kretprobe.

Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Cc: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-10-16 09:43:10 -07:00
Michael Ellerman
3d7e33825d jprobes: make jprobes a little safer for users
I realise jprobes are a razor-blades-included type of interface, but that
doesn't mean we can't try and make them safer to use.  This guy I know once
wrote code like this:

struct jprobe jp = { .kp.symbol_name = "foo", .entry = "jprobe_foo" };

And then his kernel exploded. Oops.

This patch adds an arch hook, arch_deref_entry_point() (I don't like it
either) which takes the void * in a struct jprobe, and gives back the text
address that it represents.

We can then use that in register_jprobe() to check that the entry point we're
passed is actually in the kernel text, rather than just some random value.

Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-19 10:04:44 -07:00
Michael Ellerman
9e367d8592 jprobes: remove JPROBE_ENTRY()
AFAICT now that jprobe.entry is a void *, JPROBE_ENTRY doesn't do anything
useful - so remove it ..

I've left a do-nothing version so that out-of-tree jprobes code will still
compile without modifications.

Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-19 10:04:44 -07:00
Michael Ellerman
81eae375ec jprobes: make struct jprobe.entry a void *
Currently jprobe.entry is a kprobe_opcode_t *, but that's a lie.  On some
platforms it doesn't point to an opcode at all, it points to a function
descriptor.

It's really a pointer to something that the arch code can turn into a function
entry point.  And that's what actually happens, none of the generic code ever
looks at jprobe.entry, it's only ever dereferenced by arch code.

So just make it a void *.

Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-19 10:04:44 -07:00
Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli
bf8f6e5b3e Kprobes: The ON/OFF knob thru debugfs
This patch provides a debugfs knob to turn kprobes on/off

o A new file /debug/kprobes/enabled indicates if kprobes is enabled or
  not (default enabled)
o Echoing 0 to this file will disarm all installed probes
o Any new probe registration when disabled will register the probe but
  not arm it. A message will be printed out in such a case.
o When a value 1 is echoed to the file, all probes (including ones
  registered in the intervening period) will be enabled
o Unregistration will happen irrespective of whether probes are globally
  enabled or not.
o Update Documentation/kprobes.txt to reflect these changes. While there
  also update the doc to make it current.

We are also looking at providing sysrq key support to tie to the disabling
feature provided by this patch.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: Use bool like a bool!]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add printk facility levels]
[cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com: Add the missing arch_trampoline_kprobe() for s390]
Signed-off-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Srinivasa DS <srinivasa@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-08 11:15:19 -07:00
Christoph Hellwig
4c4308cb93 kprobes: kretprobes simplifications
- consolidate duplicate code in all arch_prepare_kretprobe instances
   into common code
 - replace various odd helpers that use hlist_for_each_entry to get
   the first elemenet of a list with either a hlist_for_each_entry_save
   or an opencoded access to the first element in the caller
 - inline add_rp_inst into it's only remaining caller
 - use kretprobe_inst_table_head instead of opencoding it

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-08 11:15:19 -07:00
Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli
0f95b7fc83 Kprobes: print details of kretprobe on assertion failure
In certain cases like when the real return address can't be found or when
the number of tracked calls to a kretprobed function is less than the
number of returns, we may not be able to find the correct return address
after processing a kretprobe.  Currently we just do a BUG_ON, but no
information is provided about the actual failing kretprobe.

Print out details of the kretprobe before calling BUG().

Signed-off-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Jim Keniston <jkenisto@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Cc: Maneesh Soni <maneesh@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-08 11:15:08 -07:00
Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli
9b3af29bf3 Kprobes: Make kprobe.symbol_name const
Kprobes doesn't scribble the kprobe.symbol_name field.  Its only set by the
module when registering the probe.  Modules that exercise good hygiene
using the "const" qualifier will see warnings...

	warning: assignment discards qualifiers from pointer target type

Make struct kprobe.symbol_name const char *

Signed-off-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jim Keniston <jkenisto@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-08 11:15:03 -07:00
Masami Hiramatsu
b4c6c34a53 [PATCH] kprobes: enable booster on the preemptible kernel
When we are unregistering a kprobe-booster, we can't release its
instruction buffer immediately on the preemptive kernel, because some
processes might be preempted on the buffer.  The freeze_processes() and
thaw_processes() functions can clean most of processes up from the buffer.
There are still some non-frozen threads who have the PF_NOFREEZE flag.  If
those threads are sleeping (not preempted) at the known place outside the
buffer, we can ensure safety of freeing.

However, the processing of this check routine takes a long time.  So, this
patch introduces the garbage collection mechanism of insn_slot.  It also
introduces the "dirty" flag to free_insn_slot because of efficiency.

The "clean" instruction slots (dirty flag is cleared) are released
immediately.  But the "dirty" slots which are used by boosted kprobes, are
marked as garbages.  collect_garbage_slots() will be invoked to release
"dirty" slots if there are more than INSNS_PER_PAGE garbage slots or if
there are no unused slots.

Cc: "Keshavamurthy, Anil S" <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: "bibo,mao" <bibo.mao@intel.com>
Cc: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Yumiko Sugita <yumiko.sugita.yf@hitachi.com>
Cc: Satoshi Oshima <soshima@redhat.com>
Cc: Hideo Aoki <haoki@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-07 08:39:38 -08:00
bibo,mao
99219a3fbc [PATCH] kretprobe spinlock deadlock patch
kprobe_flush_task() possibly calls kfree function during holding
kretprobe_lock spinlock, if kfree function is probed by kretprobe that will
incur spinlock deadlock.  This patch moves kfree function out scope of
kretprobe_lock.

Signed-off-by: bibo, mao <bibo.mao@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-10-02 07:57:16 -07:00
Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli
3a872d89ba [PATCH] Kprobes: Make kprobe modules more portable
In an effort to make kprobe modules more portable, here is a patch that:

o Introduces the "symbol_name" field to struct kprobe.
  The symbol->address resolution now happens in the kernel in an
  architecture agnostic manner. 64-bit powerpc users no longer have
  to specify the ".symbols"
o Introduces the "offset" field to struct kprobe to allow a user to
  specify an offset into a symbol.
o The legacy mechanism of specifying the kprobe.addr is still supported.
  However, if both the kprobe.addr and kprobe.symbol_name are specified,
  probe registration fails with an -EINVAL.
o The symbol resolution code uses kallsyms_lookup_name(). So
  CONFIG_KPROBES now depends on CONFIG_KALLSYMS
o Apparantly kprobe modules were the only legitimate out-of-tree user of
  the kallsyms_lookup_name() EXPORT. Now that the symbol resolution
  happens in-kernel, remove the EXPORT as suggested by Christoph Hellwig
o Modify tcp_probe.c that uses the kprobe interface so as to make it
  work on multiple platforms (in its earlier form, the code wouldn't
  work, say, on powerpc)

Signed-off-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-10-02 07:57:16 -07:00
David Woodhouse
62c4f0a2d5 Don't include linux/config.h from anywhere else in include/
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
2006-04-26 12:56:16 +01:00
Ingo Molnar
7a7d1cf954 [PATCH] sem2mutex: kprobes
Semaphore to mutex conversion.

The conversion was generated via scripts, and the result was validated
automatically via a script as well.

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-03-23 07:38:12 -08:00
Keshavamurthy Anil S
df019b1d8b [PATCH] kprobes: fix unloading of self probed module
When a kprobes modules is written in such a way that probes are inserted on
itself, then unload of that moudle was not possible due to reference
couning on the same module.

The below patch makes a check and incrementes the module refcount only if
it is not a self probed module.

We need to allow modules to probe themself for kprobes performance
measurements

This patch has been tested on several x86_64, ppc64 and IA64 architectures.

Signed-off-by: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-01-11 18:42:12 -08:00
Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli
0498b63504 [PATCH] kprobes: fix build breakage
The following patch (against 2.6.15-rc5-mm3) fixes a kprobes build break
due to changes introduced in the kprobe locking in 2.6.15-rc5-mm3.  In
addition, the patch reverts back the open-coding of kprobe_mutex.

Signed-off-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-01-10 08:01:40 -08:00
Anil S Keshavamurthy
e597c2984c [PATCH] kprobes: arch_remove_kprobe
Currently arch_remove_kprobes() is only implemented/required for x86_64 and
powerpc.  All other architecture like IA64, i386 and sparc64 implementes a
dummy function which is being called from arch independent kprobes.c file.

This patch removes the dummy functions and replaces it with
#define arch_remove_kprobe(p, s)	do { } while(0)

Signed-off-by: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-01-10 08:01:40 -08:00
Anil S Keshavamurthy
49a2a1b83b [PATCH] kprobes: changed from using spinlock to mutex
Since Kprobes runtime exception handlers is now lock free as this code path is
now using RCU to walk through the list, there is no need for the
register/unregister{_kprobe} to use spin_{lock/unlock}_isr{save/restore}.  The
serialization during registration/unregistration is now possible using just a
mutex.

In the above process, this patch also fixes a minor memory leak for x86_64 and
powerpc.

Signed-off-by: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-01-10 08:01:40 -08:00
Keshavamurthy Anil S
bf8d5c52c3 [PATCH] kprobes: increment kprobe missed count for multiprobes
When multiple probes are registered at the same address and if due to some
recursion (probe getting triggered within a probe handler), we skip calling
pre_handlers and just increment nmissed field.

The below patch make sure it walks the list for multiple probes case.
Without the below patch we get incorrect results of nmissed count for
multiple probe case.

Signed-off-by: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-12-12 08:57:45 -08:00
Keshavamurthy Anil S
00d7c05ab1 [PATCH] kprobes: no probes on critical path
For Kprobes critical path is the path from debug break exception handler
till the control reaches kprobes exception code.  No probes can be
supported in this path as we will end up in recursion.

This patch prevents this by moving the below function to safe __kprobes
section onto which no probes can be inserted.

Signed-off-by: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-12-12 08:57:45 -08:00
Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli
d217d5450f [PATCH] Kprobes: preempt_disable/enable() simplification
Reorganize the preempt_disable/enable calls to eliminate the extra preempt
depth.  Changes based on Paul McKenney's review suggestions for the kprobes
RCU changeset.

Signed-off-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-11-07 07:53:46 -08:00
Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli
3516a46042 [PATCH] Kprobes: Use RCU for (un)register synchronization - base changes
Changes to the base kprobes infrastructure to use RCU for synchronization
during kprobe registration and unregistration.  These changes coupled with the
arch kprobe changes (next in series):

a. serialize registration and unregistration of kprobes.
b. enable lockless execution of handlers. Handlers can now run in parallel.

Signed-off-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-11-07 07:53:46 -08:00
Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli
e65845235c [PATCH] Kprobes: Track kprobe on a per_cpu basis - base changes
Changes to the base kprobe infrastructure to track kprobe execution on a
per-cpu basis.

Signed-off-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-11-07 07:53:45 -08:00
Prasanna S Panchamukhi
d0aaff9796 [PATCH] Kprobes: prevent possible race conditions generic
There are possible race conditions if probes are placed on routines within the
kprobes files and routines used by the kprobes.  For example if you put probe
on get_kprobe() routines, the system can hang while inserting probes on any
routine such as do_fork().  Because while inserting probes on do_fork(),
register_kprobes() routine grabs the kprobes spin lock and executes
get_kprobe() routine and to handle probe of get_kprobe(), kprobes_handler()
gets executed and tries to grab kprobes spin lock, and spins forever.  This
patch avoids such possible race conditions by preventing probes on routines
within the kprobes file and routines used by kprobes.

I have modified the patches as per Andi Kleen's suggestion to move kprobes
routines and other routines used by kprobes to a seperate section
.kprobes.text.

Also moved page fault and exception handlers, general protection fault to
.kprobes.text section.

These patches have been tested on i386, x86_64 and ppc64 architectures, also
compiled on ia64 and sparc64 architectures.

Signed-off-by: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-09-07 16:57:59 -07:00
Rusty Lynch
6772926bef [PATCH] kprobes: fix namespace problem and sparc64 build
The following renames arch_init, a kprobes function for performing any
architecture specific initialization, to arch_init_kprobes in order to
cleanup the namespace.

Also, this patch adds arch_init_kprobes to sparc64 to fix the sparc64 kprobes
build from the last return probe patch.

Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-07-05 19:19:00 -07:00
Rusty Lynch
802eae7c80 [PATCH] Return probe redesign: architecture independent changes
The following is the second version of the function return probe patches
I sent out earlier this week.  Changes since my last submission include:

* Fix in ppc64 code removing an unneeded call to re-enable preemption
* Fix a build problem in ia64 when kprobes was turned off
* Added another BUG_ON check to each of the architecture trampoline
  handlers

My initial patch description ==>

 From my experiences with adding return probes to x86_64 and ia64, and the
feedback on LKML to those patches, I think we can simplify the design
for return probes.

The following patch tweaks the original design such that:

* Instead of storing the stack address in the return probe instance, the
  task pointer is stored.  This gives us all we need in order to:
    - find the correct return probe instance when we enter the trampoline
      (even if we are recursing)
    - find all left-over return probe instances when the task is going away

  This has the side effect of simplifying the implementation since more
  work can be done in kernel/kprobes.c since architecture specific knowledge
  of the stack layout is no longer required.  Specifically, we no longer have:
	- arch_get_kprobe_task()
	- arch_kprobe_flush_task()
	- get_rp_inst_tsk()
	- get_rp_inst()
	- trampoline_post_handler() <see next bullet>

* Instead of splitting the return probe handling and cleanup logic across
  the pre and post trampoline handlers, all the work is pushed into the
  pre function (trampoline_probe_handler), and then we skip single stepping
  the original function.  In this case the original instruction to be single
  stepped was just a NOP, and we can do without the extra interruption.

The new flow of events to having a return probe handler execute when a target
function exits is:

* At system initialization time, a kprobe is inserted at the beginning of
  kretprobe_trampoline.  kernel/kprobes.c use to handle this on it's own,
  but ia64 needed to do this a little differently (i.e. a function pointer
  is really a pointer to a structure containing the instruction pointer and
  a global pointer), so I added the notion of arch_init(), so that
  kernel/kprobes.c:init_kprobes() now allows architecture specific
  initialization by calling arch_init() before exiting.  Each architecture
  now registers a kprobe on it's own trampoline function.

* register_kretprobe() will insert a kprobe at the beginning of the targeted
  function with the kprobe pre_handler set to arch_prepare_kretprobe
  (still no change)

* When the target function is entered, the kprobe is fired, calling
  arch_prepare_kretprobe (still no change)

* In arch_prepare_kretprobe() we try to get a free instance and if one is
  available then we fill out the instance with a pointer to the return probe,
  the original return address, and a pointer to the task structure (instead
  of the stack address.)  Just like before we change the return address
  to the trampoline function and mark the instance as used.

  If multiple return probes are registered for a given target function,
  then arch_prepare_kretprobe() will get called multiple times for the same
  task (since our kprobe implementation is able to handle multiple kprobes
  at the same address.)  Past the first call to arch_prepare_kretprobe,
  we end up with the original address stored in the return probe instance
  pointing to our trampoline function. (This is a significant difference
  from the original arch_prepare_kretprobe design.)

* Target function executes like normal and then returns to kretprobe_trampoline.

* kprobe inserted on the first instruction of kretprobe_trampoline is fired
  and calls trampoline_probe_handler() (no change here)

* trampoline_probe_handler() consumes each of the instances associated with
  the current task by calling the registered handler function and marking
  the instance as unused until an instance is found that has a return address
  different then the trampoline function.

  (change similar to my previous ia64 RFC)

* If the task is killed with some left-over return probe instances (meaning
  that a target function was entered, but never returned), then we just
  free any instances associated with the task.  (Not much different other
  then we can handle this without calling architecture specific functions.)

  There is a known problem that this patch does not yet solve where
  registering a return probe flush_old_exec or flush_thread will put us
  in a bad state.  Most likely the best way to handle this is to not allow
  registering return probes on these two functions.

  (Significant change)

This patch series applies to the 2.6.12-rc6-mm1 kernel, and provides:
  * kernel/kprobes.c changes
  * i386 patch of existing return probes implementation
  * x86_64 patch of existing return probe implementation
  * ia64 implementation
  * ppc64 implementation (provided by Ananth)

This patch implements the architecture independant changes for a reworking
of the kprobes based function return probes design. Changes include:

  * Removing functions for querying a return probe instance off a stack address
  * Removing the stack_addr field from the kretprobe_instance definition,
    and adding a task pointer
  * Adding architecture specific initialization via arch_init()
  * Removing extern definitions for the architecture trampoline functions
    (this isn't needed anymore since the architecture handles the
     initialization of the kprobe in the return probe trampoline function.)

Signed-off-by: Rusty Lynch <rusty.lynch@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-06-27 15:23:52 -07:00
Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli
9ec4b1f356 [PATCH] kprobes: fix single-step out of line - take2
Now that PPC64 has no-execute support, here is a second try to fix the
single step out of line during kprobe execution.  Kprobes on x86_64 already
solved this problem by allocating an executable page and using it as the
scratch area for stepping out of line.  Reuse that.

Signed-off-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-06-27 15:23:52 -07:00
Prasanna S Panchamukhi
ea32c65cc2 [PATCH] kprobes: Temporary disarming of reentrant probe
In situations where a kprobes handler calls a routine which has a probe on it,
then kprobes_handler() disarms the new probe forever.  This patch removes the
above limitation by temporarily disarming the new probe.  When the another
probe hits while handling the old probe, the kprobes_handler() saves previous
kprobes state and handles the new probe without calling the new kprobes
registered handlers.  kprobe_post_handler() restores back the previous kprobes
state and the normal execution continues.

However on x86_64 architecture, re-rentrancy is provided only through
pre_handler().  If a routine having probe is referenced through
post_handler(), then the probes on that routine are disarmed forever, since
the exception stack is gets changed after the processor single steps the
instruction of the new probe.

This patch includes generic changes to support temporary disarming on
reentrancy of probes.

Signed-of-by: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>

Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-06-23 09:45:24 -07:00
Hien Nguyen
0aa55e4d7d [PATCH] kprobes: moves lock-unlock to non-arch kprobe_flush_task
This patch moves the lock/unlock of the arch specific kprobe_flush_task()
to the non-arch specific kprobe_flusk_task().

Signed-off-by: Hien Nguyen <hien@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-06-23 09:45:21 -07:00
Rusty Lynch
7e1048b11c [PATCH] Move kprobe [dis]arming into arch specific code
The architecture independent code of the current kprobes implementation is
arming and disarming kprobes at registration time.  The problem is that the
code is assuming that arming and disarming is a just done by a simple write
of some magic value to an address.  This is problematic for ia64 where our
instructions look more like structures, and we can not insert break points
by just doing something like:

*p->addr = BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION;

The following patch to 2.6.12-rc4-mm2 adds two new architecture dependent
functions:

     * void arch_arm_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
     * void arch_disarm_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)

and then adds the new functions for each of the architectures that already
implement kprobes (spar64/ppc64/i386/x86_64).

I thought arch_[dis]arm_kprobe was the most descriptive of what was really
happening, but each of the architectures already had a disarm_kprobe()
function that was really a "disarm and do some other clean-up items as
needed when you stumble across a recursive kprobe." So...  I took the
liberty of changing the code that was calling disarm_kprobe() to call
arch_disarm_kprobe(), and then do the cleanup in the block of code dealing
with the recursive kprobe case.

So far this patch as been tested on i386, x86_64, and ppc64, but still
needs to be tested in sparc64.

Signed-off-by: Rusty Lynch <rusty.lynch@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-06-23 09:45:21 -07:00
Hien Nguyen
b94cce926b [PATCH] kprobes: function-return probes
This patch adds function-return probes to kprobes for the i386
architecture.  This enables you to establish a handler to be run when a
function returns.

1. API

Two new functions are added to kprobes:

	int register_kretprobe(struct kretprobe *rp);
	void unregister_kretprobe(struct kretprobe *rp);

2. Registration and unregistration

2.1 Register

  To register a function-return probe, the user populates the following
  fields in a kretprobe object and calls register_kretprobe() with the
  kretprobe address as an argument:

  kp.addr - the function's address

  handler - this function is run after the ret instruction executes, but
  before control returns to the return address in the caller.

  maxactive - The maximum number of instances of the probed function that
  can be active concurrently.  For example, if the function is non-
  recursive and is called with a spinlock or mutex held, maxactive = 1
  should be enough.  If the function is non-recursive and can never
  relinquish the CPU (e.g., via a semaphore or preemption), NR_CPUS should
  be enough.  maxactive is used to determine how many kretprobe_instance
  objects to allocate for this particular probed function.  If maxactive <=
  0, it is set to a default value (if CONFIG_PREEMPT maxactive=max(10, 2 *
  NR_CPUS) else maxactive=NR_CPUS)

  For example:

    struct kretprobe rp;
    rp.kp.addr = /* entrypoint address */
    rp.handler = /*return probe handler */
    rp.maxactive = /* e.g., 1 or NR_CPUS or 0, see the above explanation */
    register_kretprobe(&rp);

  The following field may also be of interest:

  nmissed - Initialized to zero when the function-return probe is
  registered, and incremented every time the probed function is entered but
  there is no kretprobe_instance object available for establishing the
  function-return probe (i.e., because maxactive was set too low).

2.2 Unregister

  To unregiter a function-return probe, the user calls
  unregister_kretprobe() with the same kretprobe object as registered
  previously.  If a probed function is running when the return probe is
  unregistered, the function will return as expected, but the handler won't
  be run.

3. Limitations

3.1 This patch supports only the i386 architecture, but patches for
    x86_64 and ppc64 are anticipated soon.

3.2 Return probes operates by replacing the return address in the stack
    (or in a known register, such as the lr register for ppc).  This may
    cause __builtin_return_address(0), when invoked from the return-probed
    function, to return the address of the return-probes trampoline.

3.3 This implementation uses the "Multiprobes at an address" feature in
    2.6.12-rc3-mm3.

3.4 Due to a limitation in multi-probes, you cannot currently establish
    a return probe and a jprobe on the same function.  A patch to remove
    this limitation is being tested.

This feature is required by SystemTap (http://sourceware.org/systemtap),
and reflects ideas contributed by several SystemTap developers, including
Will Cohen and Ananth Mavinakayanahalli.

Signed-off-by: Hien Nguyen <hien@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Frederik Deweerdt <frederik.deweerdt@laposte.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-06-23 09:45:21 -07:00
Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli
64f562c6df [PATCH] kprobes: Allow multiple kprobes at the same address
Allow registration of multiple kprobes at an address in an architecture
agnostic way.  Corresponding handlers will be invoked in a sequence.  But,
a kprobe and a jprobe can't (yet) co-exist at the same address.

Signed-off-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <amavin@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2005-05-05 16:36:39 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
1da177e4c3 Linux-2.6.12-rc2
Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history,
even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git
archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about
3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early
git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good
infrastructure for it.

Let it rip!
2005-04-16 15:20:36 -07:00