We currently have two ways to account traffic in netfilter:
- iptables chain and rule counters:
# iptables -L -n -v
Chain INPUT (policy DROP 3 packets, 867 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
8 1104 ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
- use flow-based accounting provided by ctnetlink:
# conntrack -L
tcp 6 431999 ESTABLISHED src=192.168.1.130 dst=212.106.219.168 sport=58152 dport=80 packets=47 bytes=7654 src=212.106.219.168 dst=192.168.1.130 sport=80 dport=58152 packets=49 bytes=66340 [ASSURED] mark=0 use=1
While trying to display real-time accounting statistics, we require
to pool the kernel periodically to obtain this information. This is
OK if the number of flows is relatively low. However, in case that
the number of flows is huge, we can spend a considerable amount of
cycles to iterate over the list of flows that have been obtained.
Moreover, if we want to obtain the sum of the flow accounting results
that match some criteria, we have to iterate over the whole list of
existing flows, look for matchings and update the counters.
This patch adds the extended accounting infrastructure for
nfnetlink which aims to allow displaying real-time traffic accounting
without the need of complicated and resource-consuming implementation
in user-space. Basically, this new infrastructure allows you to create
accounting objects. One accounting object is composed of packet and
byte counters.
In order to manipulate create accounting objects, you require the
new libnetfilter_acct library. It contains several examples of use:
libnetfilter_acct/examples# ./nfacct-add http-traffic
libnetfilter_acct/examples# ./nfacct-get
http-traffic = { pkts = 000000000000, bytes = 000000000000 };
Then, you can use one of this accounting objects in several iptables
rules using the new nfacct match (which comes in a follow-up patch):
# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --sport 80 -m nfacct --nfacct-name http-traffic
# iptables -I OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -m nfacct --nfacct-name http-traffic
The idea is simple: if one packet matches the rule, the nfacct match
updates the counters.
Thanks to Patrick McHardy, Eric Dumazet, Changli Gao for reviewing and
providing feedback for this contribution.
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
Export the NAT definitions to userspace. So far userspace (specifically,
iptables) has been copying the headers files from include/net. Also
rename some structures and definitions in preparation for IPv6 NAT.
Since these have never been officially exported, this doesn't affect
existing userspace code.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
This partially reworks bc01befdcf
which added userspace expectation support.
This patch removes the nf_ct_userspace_expect_list since now we
force to use the new iptables CT target feature to add the helper
extension for conntracks that have attached expectations from
userspace.
A new version of the proof-of-concept code to implement userspace
helpers from userspace is available at:
http://people.netfilter.org/pablo/userspace-conntrack-helpers/nf-ftp-helper-POC.tar.bz2
This patch also modifies the CT target to allow to set the
conntrack's userspace helper status flags. This flag is used
to tell the conntrack system to explicitly allocate the helper
extension.
This helper extension is useful to link the userspace expectations
with the master conntrack that is being tracked from one userspace
helper.
This feature fixes a problem in the current approach of the
userspace helper support. Basically, if the master conntrack that
has got a userspace expectation vanishes, the expectations point to
one invalid memory address. Thus, triggering an oops in the
expectation deletion event path.
I decided not to add a new revision of the CT target because
I only needed to add a new flag for it. I'll document in this
issue in the iptables manpage. I have also changed the return
value from EINVAL to EOPNOTSUPP if one flag not supported is
specified. Thus, in the future adding new features that only
require a new flag can be added without a new revision.
There is no official code using this in userspace (apart from
the proof-of-concept) that uses this infrastructure but there
will be some by beginning 2012.
Reported-by: Sam Roberts <vieuxtech@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
This tries to do the same thing as fib_validate_source(), but differs
in several aspects.
The most important difference is that the reverse path filter built into
fib_validate_source uses the oif as iif when performing the reverse
lookup. We do not do this, as the oif is not yet known by the time the
PREROUTING hook is invoked.
We can't wait until FORWARD chain because by the time FORWARD is invoked
ipv4 forward path may have already sent icmp messages is response
to to-be-discarded-via-rpfilter packets.
To avoid the such an additional lookup in PREROUTING, Patrick McHardy
suggested to attach the path information directly in the match
(i.e., just do what the standard ipv4 path does a bit earlier in PREROUTING).
This works, but it also has a few caveats. Most importantly, when using
marks in PREROUTING to re-route traffic based on the nfmark, -m rpfilter
would have to be used after the nfmark has been set; otherwise the nfmark
would have no effect (because the route is already attached).
Another problem would be interaction with -j TPROXY, as this target sets an
nfmark and uses ACCEPT instead of continue, i.e. such a version of
-m rpfilter cannot be used for the initial to-be-intercepted packets.
In case in turns out that the oif is required, we can add Patricks
suggestion with a new match option (e.g. --rpf-use-oif) to keep ruleset
compatibility.
Another difference to current builtin ipv4 rpfilter is that packets subject to ipsec
transformation are not automatically excluded. If you want this, simply
combine -m rpfilter with the policy match.
Packets arriving on loopback interfaces always match.
Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
We discovered that TCP stack could retransmit misaligned skbs if a
malicious peer acknowledged sub MSS frame. This currently can happen
only if output interface is non SG enabled : If SG is enabled, tcp
builds headless skbs (all payload is included in fragments), so the tcp
trimming process only removes parts of skb fragments, header stay
aligned.
Some arches cant handle misalignments, so force a head reallocation and
shrink headroom to MAX_TCP_HEADER.
Dont care about misaligments on x86 and PPC (or other arches setting
NET_IP_ALIGN to 0)
This patch introduces __pskb_copy() which can specify the headroom of
new head, and pskb_copy() becomes a wrapper on top of __pskb_copy()
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Open vSwitch is a multilayer Ethernet switch targeted at virtualized
environments. In addition to supporting a variety of features
expected in a traditional hardware switch, it enables fine-grained
programmatic extension and flow-based control of the network.
This control is useful in a wide variety of applications but is
particularly important in multi-server virtualization deployments,
which are often characterized by highly dynamic endpoints and the need
to maintain logical abstractions for multiple tenants.
The Open vSwitch datapath provides an in-kernel fast path for packet
forwarding. It is complemented by a userspace daemon, ovs-vswitchd,
which is able to accept configuration from a variety of sources and
translate it into packet processing rules.
See http://openvswitch.org for more information and userspace
utilities.
Signed-off-by: Jesse Gross <jesse@nicira.com>
This adds rcu_dereference_genl and genl_dereference, which are genl
variants of the RTNL functions to enforce proper locking with lockdep
and sparse.
Signed-off-by: Jesse Gross <jesse@nicira.com>
Open vSwitch uses genl_mutex locking to protect datapath
data-structures like flow-table, flow-actions. Following patch adds
lockdep_genl_is_held() which is used for rcu annotation to prove
locking.
Signed-off-by: Pravin B Shelar <pshelar@nicira.com>
Signed-off-by: Jesse Gross <jesse@nicira.com>
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net: (73 commits)
netfilter: Remove ADVANCED dependency from NF_CONNTRACK_NETBIOS_NS
ipv4: flush route cache after change accept_local
sch_red: fix red_change
Revert "udp: remove redundant variable"
bridge: master device stuck in no-carrier state forever when in user-stp mode
ipv4: Perform peer validation on cached route lookup.
net/core: fix rollback handler in register_netdevice_notifier
sch_red: fix red_calc_qavg_from_idle_time
bonding: only use primary address for ARP
ipv4: fix lockdep splat in rt_cache_seq_show
sch_teql: fix lockdep splat
net: fec: Select the FEC driver by default for i.MX SoCs
isdn: avoid copying too long drvid
isdn: make sure strings are null terminated
netlabel: Fix build problems when IPv6 is not enabled
sctp: better integer overflow check in sctp_auth_create_key()
sctp: integer overflow in sctp_auth_create_key()
ipv6: Set mcast_hops to IPV6_DEFAULT_MCASTHOPS when -1 was given.
net: Fix corruption in /proc/*/net/dev_mcast
mac80211: fix race between the AGG SM and the Tx data path
...
Signed-off-by: Wolfgang Grandegger <wg@grandegger.com>
Acked-by: Marc Kleine-Budde <mkl@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Currently netem is not in the ability to emulate channel bandwidth. Only static
delay (and optional random jitter) can be configured.
To emulate the channel rate the token bucket filter (sch_tbf) can be used. But
TBF has some major emulation flaws. The buffer (token bucket depth/rate) cannot
be 0. Also the idea behind TBF is that the credit (token in buckets) fills if
no packet is transmitted. So that there is always a "positive" credit for new
packets. In real life this behavior contradicts the law of nature where
nothing can travel faster as speed of light. E.g.: on an emulated 1000 byte/s
link a small IPv4/TCP SYN packet with ~50 byte require ~0.05 seconds - not 0
seconds.
Netem is an excellent place to implement a rate limiting feature: static
delay is already implemented, tfifo already has time information and the
user can skip TBF configuration completely.
This patch implement rate feature which can be configured via tc. e.g:
tc qdisc add dev eth0 root netem rate 10kbit
To emulate a link of 5000byte/s and add an additional static delay of 10ms:
tc qdisc add dev eth0 root netem delay 10ms rate 5KBps
Note: similar to TBF the rate extension is bounded to the kernel timing
system. Depending on the architecture timer granularity, higher rates (e.g.
10mbit/s and higher) tend to transmission bursts. Also note: further queues
living in network adaptors; see ethtool(8).
Signed-off-by: Hagen Paul Pfeifer <hagen@jauu.net>
Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@drr.davemloft.net>
netdev->neigh_priv_len records the private area length.
This will trigger for neigh_table objects which set tbl->entry_size
to zero, and the first instances of this will be forthcoming.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* 'pm-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm:
PM: Update comments describing device power management callbacks
PM / Sleep: Update documentation related to system wakeup
PM / Runtime: Make documentation follow the new behavior of irq_safe
PM / Sleep: Correct inaccurate information in devices.txt
PM / Domains: Document how PM domains are used by the PM core
PM / Hibernate: Do not leak memory in error/test code paths
Networking stack support for byte queue limits, uses dynamic queue
limits library. Byte queue limits are maintained per transmit queue,
and a dql structure has been added to netdev_queue structure for this
purpose.
Configuration of bql is in the tx-<n> sysfs directory for the queue
under the byte_queue_limits directory. Configuration includes:
limit_min, bql minimum limit
limit_max, bql maximum limit
hold_time, bql slack hold time
Also under the directory are:
limit, current byte limit
inflight, current number of bytes on the queue
Signed-off-by: Tom Herbert <therbert@google.com>
Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Add interfaces for drivers to call for recording number of packets and
bytes at send time and transmit completion. Also, added a function to
"reset" a queue. These will be used by Byte Queue Limits.
Signed-off-by: Tom Herbert <therbert@google.com>
Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Create separate queue state flags so that either the stack or drivers
can turn on XOFF. Added a set of functions used in the stack to determine
if a queue is really stopped (either by stack or driver)
Signed-off-by: Tom Herbert <therbert@google.com>
Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Implementation of dynamic queue limits (dql). This is a libary which
allows a queue limit to be dynamically managed. The goal of dql is
to set the queue limit, number of objects to the queue, to be minimized
without allowing the queue to be starved.
dql would be used with a queue which has these properties:
1) Objects are queued up to some limit which can be expressed as a
count of objects.
2) Periodically a completion process executes which retires consumed
objects.
3) Starvation occurs when limit has been reached, all queued data has
actually been consumed but completion processing has not yet run,
so queuing new data is blocked.
4) Minimizing the amount of queued data is desirable.
A canonical example of such a queue would be a NIC HW transmit queue.
The queue limit is dynamic, it will increase or decrease over time
depending on the workload. The queue limit is recalculated each time
completion processing is done. Increases occur when the queue is
starved and can exponentially increase over successive intervals.
Decreases occur when more data is being maintained in the queue than
needed to prevent starvation. The number of extra objects, or "slack",
is measured over successive intervals, and to avoid hysteresis the
limit is only reduced by the miminum slack seen over a configurable
time period.
dql API provides routines to manage the queue:
- dql_init is called to intialize the dql structure
- dql_reset is called to reset dynamic values
- dql_queued called when objects are being enqueued
- dql_avail returns availability in the queue
- dql_completed is called when objects have be consumed in the queue
Configuration consists of:
- max_limit, maximum limit
- min_limit, minimum limit
- slack_hold_time, time to measure instances of slack before reducing
queue limit
Signed-off-by: Tom Herbert <therbert@google.com>
Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
I just hit this during my testing. Isn't there another bug lurking?
BUG kmalloc-8: Redzone overwritten
INFO: 0xc0000000de9dec48-0xc0000000de9dec4b. First byte 0x0 instead of 0xcc
INFO: Allocated in .__seq_open_private+0x30/0xa0 age=0 cpu=5 pid=3896
.__kmalloc+0x1e0/0x2d0
.__seq_open_private+0x30/0xa0
.seq_open_net+0x60/0xe0
.dev_mc_seq_open+0x4c/0x70
.proc_reg_open+0xd8/0x260
.__dentry_open.clone.11+0x2b8/0x400
.do_last+0xf4/0x950
.path_openat+0xf8/0x480
.do_filp_open+0x48/0xc0
.do_sys_open+0x140/0x250
syscall_exit+0x0/0x40
dev_mc_seq_ops uses dev_seq_start/next/stop but only allocates
sizeof(struct seq_net_private) of private data, whereas it expects
sizeof(struct dev_iter_state):
struct dev_iter_state {
struct seq_net_private p;
unsigned int pos; /* bucket << BUCKET_SPACE + offset */
};
Create dev_seq_open_ops and use it so we don't have to expose
struct dev_iter_state.
[ Problem added by commit f04565ddf5 (dev: use name hash for
dev_seq_ops) -Eric ]
Signed-off-by: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The comments describing device power management callbacks in
include/pm.h are outdated and somewhat confusing, so make them
reflect the reality more accurately.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
* 'timers-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
hrtimer: Fix extra wakeups from __remove_hrtimer()
timekeeping: add arch_offset hook to ktime_get functions
clocksource: Avoid selecting mult values that might overflow when adjusted
time: Improve documentation of timekeeeping_adjust()
Device must be in promiscuous mode or DMAC must be same as the host MAC, or
else packet will be dropped by the HW rx filtering.
Signed-off-by: Amir Vadai <amirv@mellanox.co.il>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
There are 2 capability bits for WOL, one for each port.
WOL handlers were looking only on the second bit, regardless of the port.
Signed-off-by: Oren Duer <oren@mellanox.co.il>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Towards adding RSS support for IB drivers/application who use
the mlx4 HW, make the RSS related definitions global and change
the mlx4_en driver to use them.
Signed-off-by: Or Gerlitz <ogerlitz@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Shlomo Pongratz <shlomop@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Add support for writing data to EEPROM.
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben@simtec.co.uk>
Cc: Wolfram Sang <w.sang@pengutronix.de>
Cc: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>
Cc: Linux Kernel <linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Some devices need to know if the data is to be output or read, so add a
data direction into the eeprom structure to tell the driver whether the
data line should be driven.
The user in this case is the Micrel KS8851 which has a direction
control for the EEPROM data line and thus needs to know whether
to drive it (writing) or to tristate it for receiving.
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben@simtec.co.uk>
Cc: Wolfram Sang <w.sang@pengutronix.de>
Cc: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Change the kconfig types to tristate and adjust the condition for
declaring net_device::dsa_ptr to allow for this.
Adjust the makefile so that if NET_DSA_MV88E6123_61_65=y and
NET_DSA_MV88E6131=m or vice versa then both drivers are built-in. We
could leave these options as bool and make NET_DSA_MV88E6XXX a
user-selected option, but that would break existing configurations.
Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
eth_type_trans() will use these functions if DSA is enabled, which
blocks building DSA as a module.
Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
* git://github.com/rustyrussell/linux:
virtio-pci: make reset operation safer
virtio-mmio: Correct the name of the guest features selector
virtio: add HAS_IOMEM dependency to MMIO platform bus driver
virtio pci device reset actually just does an I/O
write, which in PCI is really posted, that is it
can complete on CPU before the device has received it.
Further, interrupts might have been pending on
another CPU, so device callback might get invoked after reset.
This conflicts with how drivers use reset, which is typically:
reset
unregister
a callback running after reset completed can race with
unregister, potentially leading to use after free bugs.
Fix by flushing out the write, and flushing pending interrupts.
This assumes that device is never reset from
its vq/config callbacks, or in parallel with being
added/removed, document this assumption.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jbarnes/pci:
PCI hotplug: shpchp: don't blindly claim non-AMD 0x7450 device IDs
PCI: pciehp: wait 100 ms after Link Training check
PCI: pciehp: wait 1000 ms before Link Training check
PCI: pciehp: Retrieve link speed after link is trained
PCI: Let PCI_PRI depend on PCI
PCI: Fix compile errors with PCI_ATS and !PCI_IOV
PCI / ACPI: Make acpiphp ignore root bridges using PCIe native hotplug
Count of selector voltage is required for regulator_set_voltage
to work via set_voltage_sel. VDD1/2 currently have it as zero,
so regulator_set_voltage won't work for VDD1/2.
Update count (n_voltages) for VDD1/2.
Output Voltage = (step value * 12.5 mV + 562.5 mV) * gain
With above expr, number of voltages that can be selected is
step value count * gain count
constant for gain count will be called VDD1_2_NUM_VOLT_COARSE
existing constant for step value count is VDD1_2_NUM_VOLTS,
use VDD1_2_NUM_VOLT_FINE instead to make clear that step value
is not the only component in deciding selectable voltage count
Signed-off-by: Afzal Mohammed <afzal@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@opensource.wolfsonmicro.com>
Last piece of code using ANY_I2C_BUS was deleted almost 2 years ago,
so ANY_I2C_BUS can go away as well.
Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>
Given we dont use anymore the struct net_device *dev argument, and this
interface brings litle benefit, remove netdev_{alloc|free}_page(), to
debloat include/linux/skbuff.h a bit.
(Some drivers used a mix of these interfaces and alloc_pages())
When allocating a page given to device for DMA transfer (device to
memory), it makes sense to use a cold one (__GFP_COLD)
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
CC: Jeff Kirsher <jeffrey.t.kirsher@intel.com>
CC: Dimitris Michailidis <dm@chelsio.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
C assignment can handle struct in6_addr copying.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This patch adds in the infrastructure code to create the network priority
cgroup. The cgroup, in addition to the standard processes file creates two
control files:
1) prioidx - This is a read-only file that exports the index of this cgroup.
This is a value that is both arbitrary and unique to a cgroup in this subsystem,
and is used to index the per-device priority map
2) priomap - This is a writeable file. On read it reports a table of 2-tuples
<name:priority> where name is the name of a network interface and priority is
indicates the priority assigned to frames egresessing on the named interface and
originating from a pid in this cgroup
This cgroup allows for skb priority to be set prior to a root qdisc getting
selected. This is benenficial for DCB enabled systems, in that it allows for any
application to use dcb configured priorities so without application modification
Signed-off-by: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Signed-off-by: John Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
CC: Robert Love <robert.w.love@intel.com>
CC: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
SKB_TRUESIZE() provides a better approximation of expected skb truesize.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
