/*************************************************************************/ /* particles_2d.cpp */ /*************************************************************************/ /* This file is part of: */ /* GODOT ENGINE */ /* http://www.godotengine.org */ /*************************************************************************/ /* Copyright (c) 2007-2017 Juan Linietsky, Ariel Manzur. */ /* */ /* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining */ /* a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the */ /* "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including */ /* without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, */ /* distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to */ /* permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to */ /* the following conditions: */ /* */ /* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be */ /* included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. */ /* */ /* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, */ /* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF */ /* MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.*/ /* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY */ /* CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, */ /* TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE */ /* SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. */ /*************************************************************************/ #include "particles_2d.h" void ParticleAttractor2D::_notification(int p_what) { switch(p_what) { case NOTIFICATION_ENTER_TREE: { _update_owner(); } break; case NOTIFICATION_DRAW: { if (!get_tree()->is_editor_hint()) return; Vector2 pv; float dr = MIN(disable_radius,radius); for(int i=0;i<=32;i++) { Vector2 v(Math::sin(i/32.0*Math_PI*2),Math::cos(i/32.0*Math_PI*2)); if (i>0) { draw_line(pv*radius,v*radius,Color(0,0,0.5,0.9)); if (dr>0) { draw_line(pv*dr,v*dr,Color(0.5,0,0.0,0.9)); } } pv=v; } } break; case NOTIFICATION_EXIT_TREE: { if (owner) { _set_owner(NULL); } } break; } } void ParticleAttractor2D::_owner_exited() { ERR_FAIL_COND(!owner); owner->attractors.erase(this); owner=NULL; } void ParticleAttractor2D::_update_owner() { if (!is_inside_tree() || !has_node(path)) { _set_owner(NULL); return; } Node *n = get_node(path); ERR_FAIL_COND(!n); Particles2D *pn = n->cast_to(); if (!pn) { _set_owner(NULL); return; } _set_owner(pn); } void ParticleAttractor2D::_set_owner(Particles2D* p_owner) { if (owner==p_owner) return; if (owner) { owner->disconnect("exit_tree",this,"_owner_exited"); owner->attractors.erase(this); owner=NULL; } owner=p_owner; if (owner) { owner->connect("exit_tree",this,"_owner_exited",varray(),CONNECT_ONESHOT); owner->attractors.insert(this); } } void ParticleAttractor2D::_bind_methods() { ClassDB::bind_method(_MD("set_enabled","enabled"),&ParticleAttractor2D::set_enabled); ClassDB::bind_method(_MD("is_enabled"),&ParticleAttractor2D::is_enabled); ClassDB::bind_method(_MD("set_radius","radius"),&ParticleAttractor2D::set_radius); ClassDB::bind_method(_MD("get_radius"),&ParticleAttractor2D::get_radius); ClassDB::bind_method(_MD("set_disable_radius","radius"),&ParticleAttractor2D::set_disable_radius); ClassDB::bind_method(_MD("get_disable_radius"),&ParticleAttractor2D::get_disable_radius); ClassDB::bind_method(_MD("set_gravity","gravity"),&ParticleAttractor2D::set_gravity); ClassDB::bind_method(_MD("get_gravity"),&ParticleAttractor2D::get_gravity); ClassDB::bind_method(_MD("set_absorption","absorption"),&ParticleAttractor2D::set_absorption); ClassDB::bind_method(_MD("get_absorption"),&ParticleAttractor2D::get_absorption); ClassDB::bind_method(_MD("set_particles_path","path"),&ParticleAttractor2D::set_particles_path); ClassDB::bind_method(_MD("get_particles_path"),&ParticleAttractor2D::get_particles_path); ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::BOOL,"enabled"),_SCS("set_enabled"),_SCS("is_enabled")); ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::REAL,"radius",PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE,"0.1,16000,0.1"),_SCS("set_radius"),_SCS("get_radius")); ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::REAL,"disable_radius",PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE,"0.1,16000,0.1"),_SCS("set_disable_radius"),_SCS("get_disable_radius")); ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::REAL,"gravity",PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE,"-512,512,0.01"),_SCS("set_gravity"),_SCS("get_gravity")); ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::REAL,"absorption",PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE,"0,512,0.01"),_SCS("set_absorption"),_SCS("get_absorption")); ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::NODE_PATH,"particles_path",PROPERTY_HINT_RESOURCE_TYPE,"Particles2D"),_SCS("set_particles_path"),_SCS("get_particles_path")); } void ParticleAttractor2D::set_enabled(bool p_enabled) { enabled=p_enabled; } bool ParticleAttractor2D::is_enabled() const{ return enabled; } void ParticleAttractor2D::set_radius(float p_radius) { radius = p_radius; update(); } float ParticleAttractor2D::get_radius() const { return radius; } void ParticleAttractor2D::set_disable_radius(float p_disable_radius) { disable_radius = p_disable_radius; update(); } float ParticleAttractor2D::get_disable_radius() const { return disable_radius; } void ParticleAttractor2D::set_gravity(float p_gravity) { gravity=p_gravity; } float ParticleAttractor2D::get_gravity() const { return gravity; } void ParticleAttractor2D::set_absorption(float p_absorption) { absorption=p_absorption; } float ParticleAttractor2D::get_absorption() const { return absorption; } void ParticleAttractor2D::set_particles_path(NodePath p_path) { path=p_path; _update_owner(); update_configuration_warning(); } NodePath ParticleAttractor2D::get_particles_path() const { return path; } String ParticleAttractor2D::get_configuration_warning() const { if (!has_node(path) || !get_node(path) || !get_node(path)->cast_to()) { return TTR("Path property must point to a valid Particles2D node to work."); } return String(); } ParticleAttractor2D::ParticleAttractor2D() { owner=NULL; radius=50; disable_radius=0; gravity=100; absorption=0; path=String(".."); enabled=true; } /****************************************/ _FORCE_INLINE_ static float _rand_from_seed(uint32_t *seed) { uint32_t k; uint32_t s = (*seed); if (s == 0) s = 0x12345987; k = s / 127773; s = 16807 * (s - k * 127773) - 2836 * k; if (s < 0) s += 2147483647; (*seed) = s; float v=((float)((*seed) & 0xFFFFF))/(float)0xFFFFF; v=v*2.0-1.0; return v; } void Particles2D::_process_particles(float p_delta) { if (particles.size()==0 || lifetime==0) return; p_delta*=time_scale; float frame_time=p_delta; if (emit_timeout > 0) { time_to_live -= frame_time; if (time_to_live < 0) { emitting = false; _change_notify("config/emitting"); }; }; float next_time = time+frame_time; if (next_time > lifetime) next_time=Math::fmod(next_time,lifetime); Particle *pdata=&particles[0]; int particle_count=particles.size(); Matrix32 xform; if (!local_space) xform=get_global_transform(); active_count=0; PoolVector::Read r; int emission_point_count=0; if (emission_points.size()) { emission_point_count=emission_points.size(); r=emission_points.read(); } int attractor_count=0; AttractorCache *attractor_ptr=NULL; if (attractors.size()) { if (attractors.size()!=attractor_cache.size()) { attractor_cache.resize(attractors.size()); } int idx=0; Matrix32 m; if (local_space) { m= get_global_transform().affine_inverse(); } for (Set::Element *E=attractors.front();E;E=E->next()) { attractor_cache[idx].pos=m.xform( E->get()->get_global_position() ); attractor_cache[idx].attractor=E->get(); idx++; } attractor_ptr=attractor_cache.ptr(); attractor_count=attractor_cache.size(); } for(int i=0;i time || restart_time < next_time ) restart=true; } else if (restart_time > time && restart_time < next_time ) { restart=true; } if (restart) { if (emitting) { p.pos=emissor_offset; if (emission_point_count) { Vector2 ep = r[Math::rand()%emission_point_count]; if (!local_space) { p.pos=xform.xform(p.pos+ep*extents); } else { p.pos+=ep*extents; } } else { if (!local_space) { p.pos=xform.xform(p.pos+Vector2(Math::random(-extents.x,extents.x),Math::random(-extents.y,extents.y))); } else { p.pos+=Vector2(Math::random(-extents.x,extents.x),Math::random(-extents.y,extents.y)); } } p.seed=Math::rand() % 12345678; uint32_t rand_seed=p.seed*(i+1); float angle = Math::deg2rad(param[PARAM_DIRECTION]+_rand_from_seed(&rand_seed)*param[PARAM_SPREAD]); p.velocity=Vector2( Math::sin(angle), Math::cos(angle) ); if (!local_space) { p.velocity = xform.basis_xform(p.velocity).normalized(); } p.velocity*=param[PARAM_LINEAR_VELOCITY]+param[PARAM_LINEAR_VELOCITY]*_rand_from_seed(&rand_seed)*randomness[PARAM_LINEAR_VELOCITY]; p.velocity+=initial_velocity; p.active=true; p.rot=Math::deg2rad(param[PARAM_INITIAL_ANGLE]+param[PARAM_INITIAL_ANGLE]*randomness[PARAM_INITIAL_ANGLE]*_rand_from_seed(&rand_seed)); active_count++; p.frame=Math::fmod(param[PARAM_ANIM_INITIAL_POS]+randomness[PARAM_ANIM_INITIAL_POS]*_rand_from_seed(&rand_seed),1.0); } else { p.active=false; } } else { if (!p.active) continue; uint32_t rand_seed=p.seed*(i+1); Vector2 force; //apply gravity float gravity_dir = Math::deg2rad( param[PARAM_GRAVITY_DIRECTION]+180*randomness[PARAM_GRAVITY_DIRECTION]*_rand_from_seed(&rand_seed)); force+=Vector2( Math::sin(gravity_dir), Math::cos(gravity_dir) ) * (param[PARAM_GRAVITY_STRENGTH]+param[PARAM_GRAVITY_STRENGTH]*randomness[PARAM_GRAVITY_STRENGTH]*_rand_from_seed(&rand_seed)); //apply radial Vector2 rvec = (p.pos - emissor_offset).normalized(); force+=rvec*(param[PARAM_RADIAL_ACCEL]+param[PARAM_RADIAL_ACCEL]*randomness[PARAM_RADIAL_ACCEL]*_rand_from_seed(&rand_seed)); //apply orbit float orbitvel = (param[PARAM_ORBIT_VELOCITY]+param[PARAM_ORBIT_VELOCITY]*randomness[PARAM_ORBIT_VELOCITY]*_rand_from_seed(&rand_seed)); if (orbitvel!=0) { Vector2 rel = p.pos - xform.elements[2]; Matrix32 rot(orbitvel*frame_time,Vector2()); p.pos = rot.xform(rel) + xform.elements[2]; } Vector2 tvec=rvec.tangent(); force+=tvec*(param[PARAM_TANGENTIAL_ACCEL]+param[PARAM_TANGENTIAL_ACCEL]*randomness[PARAM_TANGENTIAL_ACCEL]*_rand_from_seed(&rand_seed)); for(int j=0;jenabled || vl==0 || vl > attractor_ptr[j].attractor->radius) continue; force+=vec*attractor_ptr[j].attractor->gravity; float fvl = p.velocity.length(); if (fvl && attractor_ptr[j].attractor->absorption) { Vector2 target = vec.normalized(); p.velocity = p.velocity.normalized().linear_interpolate(target,MIN(frame_time*attractor_ptr[j].attractor->absorption,1))*fvl; } if (attractor_ptr[j].attractor->disable_radius && vl < attractor_ptr[j].attractor->disable_radius) { p.active=false; } } p.velocity+=force*frame_time; if (param[PARAM_DAMPING]) { float dmp = param[PARAM_DAMPING]+param[PARAM_DAMPING]*randomness[PARAM_DAMPING]*_rand_from_seed(&rand_seed); float v = p.velocity.length(); v -= dmp * frame_time; if (v<=0) { p.velocity=Vector2(); } else { p.velocity=p.velocity.normalized() * v; } } p.pos+=p.velocity*frame_time; p.rot+=Math::lerp(param[PARAM_SPIN_VELOCITY],param[PARAM_SPIN_VELOCITY]*randomness[PARAM_SPIN_VELOCITY]*_rand_from_seed(&rand_seed),randomness[PARAM_SPIN_VELOCITY])*frame_time; float anim_spd=param[PARAM_ANIM_SPEED_SCALE]+param[PARAM_ANIM_SPEED_SCALE]*randomness[PARAM_ANIM_SPEED_SCALE]*_rand_from_seed(&rand_seed); p.frame=Math::fposmod(p.frame+(frame_time/lifetime)*anim_spd,1.0); active_count++; } } time=Math::fmod( time+frame_time, lifetime ); if (!emitting && active_count==0) { set_process(false); } update(); } void Particles2D::_notification(int p_what) { switch(p_what) { case NOTIFICATION_PROCESS: { _process_particles( get_process_delta_time() ); } break; case NOTIFICATION_ENTER_TREE: { float ppt=preprocess; while(ppt>0) { _process_particles(0.1); ppt-=0.1; } } break; case NOTIFICATION_DRAW: { if (particles.size()==0 || lifetime==0) return; RID ci=get_canvas_item(); Size2 size(1,1); Point2 center; int total_frames=1; if (!texture.is_null()) { size=texture->get_size(); size.x/=h_frames; size.y/=v_frames; total_frames=h_frames*v_frames; } float time_pos=(time/lifetime); Particle *pdata=&particles[0]; int particle_count=particles.size(); RID texrid; if (texture.is_valid()) texrid = texture->get_rid(); Matrix32 invxform; if (!local_space) invxform=get_global_transform().affine_inverse(); int start_particle = (int)(time * (float)particle_count / lifetime); for (int id=0;id= particle_count) { i -= particle_count; } Particle &p=pdata[i]; if (!p.active) continue; float ptime = ((float)i / particle_count)*explosiveness; if (ptimeget_color_at_offset(ptime); } else { color = default_color; } { float huerand=_rand_from_seed(&rand_seed); float huerot = param[PARAM_HUE_VARIATION] + randomness[PARAM_HUE_VARIATION] * huerand; if (Math::abs(huerot) > CMP_EPSILON) { float h=color.get_h(); float s=color.get_s(); float v=color.get_v(); float a=color.a; //float preh=h; h+=huerot; h=Math::abs(Math::fposmod(h,1.0)); //print_line("rand: "+rtos(randomness[PARAM_HUE_VARIATION])+" rand: "+rtos(huerand)); //print_line(itos(i)+":hue: "+rtos(preh)+" + "+rtos(huerot)+" = "+rtos(h)); color.set_hsv(h,s,v); color.a=a; } } float initial_size = param[PARAM_INITIAL_SIZE]+param[PARAM_INITIAL_SIZE]*_rand_from_seed(&rand_seed)*randomness[PARAM_INITIAL_SIZE]; float final_size = param[PARAM_FINAL_SIZE]+param[PARAM_FINAL_SIZE]*_rand_from_seed(&rand_seed)*randomness[PARAM_FINAL_SIZE]; float size_mult=initial_size*(1.0-ptime) + final_size*ptime; //Size2 rectsize=size * size_mult; //rectsize=rectsize.floor(); //Rect2 r = Rect2(Vecto,rectsize); Matrix32 xform; if (p.rot) { xform.set_rotation(p.rot); xform.translate(-size*size_mult/2.0); xform.elements[2]+=p.pos; } else { xform.elements[2]=-size*size_mult/2.0; xform.elements[2]+=p.pos; } if (!local_space) { xform = invxform * xform; } xform.scale_basis(Size2(size_mult,size_mult)); VisualServer::get_singleton()->canvas_item_add_set_transform(ci,xform); if (texrid.is_valid()) { Rect2 src_rect; src_rect.size=size; if (total_frames>1) { int frame = Math::fast_ftoi(Math::floor(p.frame*total_frames)) % total_frames; src_rect.pos.x = size.x * (frame%h_frames); src_rect.pos.y = size.y * (frame/h_frames); } texture->draw_rect_region(ci,Rect2(Point2(),size),src_rect,color); //VisualServer::get_singleton()->canvas_item_add_texture_rect(ci,r,texrid,false,color); } else { VisualServer::get_singleton()->canvas_item_add_rect(ci,Rect2(Point2(),size),color); } } } break; } } static const char* _particlesframe_property_names[Particles2D::PARAM_MAX]={ "params/direction", "params/spread", "params/linear_velocity", "params/spin_velocity", "params/orbit_velocity", "params/gravity_direction", "params/gravity_strength", "params/radial_accel", "params/tangential_accel", "params/damping", "params/initial_angle", "params/initial_size", "params/final_size", "params/hue_variation", "params/anim_speed_scale", "params/anim_initial_pos", }; static const char* _particlesframe_property_rnames[Particles2D::PARAM_MAX]={ "randomness/direction", "randomness/spread", "randomness/linear_velocity", "randomness/spin_velocity", "randomness/orbit_velocity", "randomness/gravity_direction", "randomness/gravity_strength", "randomness/radial_accel", "randomness/tangential_accel", "randomness/damping", "randomness/initial_angle", "randomness/initial_size", "randomness/final_size", "randomness/hue_variation", "randomness/anim_speed_scale", "randomness/anim_initial_pos", }; static const char* _particlesframe_property_ranges[Particles2D::PARAM_MAX]={ "0,360,0.01", "0,180,0.01", "-1024,1024,0.01", "-1024,1024,0.01", "-1024,1024,0.01", "0,360,0.01", "0,1024,0.01", "-128,128,0.01", "-128,128,0.01", "0,1024,0.001", "0,360,0.01", "0,1024,0.01", "0,1024,0.01", "0,1,0.01", "0,128,0.01", "0,1,0.01", }; void Particles2D::set_emitting(bool p_emitting) { if (emitting==p_emitting) return; if (p_emitting) { if (active_count==0) time=0; set_process(true); time_to_live = emit_timeout; }; emitting=p_emitting; _change_notify("config/emitting"); } bool Particles2D::is_emitting() const { return emitting; } void Particles2D::set_amount(int p_amount) { ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_amount,1024+1); particles.resize(p_amount); } int Particles2D::get_amount() const { return particles.size(); } void Particles2D::set_emit_timeout(float p_timeout) { emit_timeout = p_timeout; time_to_live = p_timeout; }; float Particles2D::get_emit_timeout() const { return emit_timeout; }; void Particles2D::set_lifetime(float p_lifetime) { ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_lifetime,3600+1); lifetime=p_lifetime; } float Particles2D::get_lifetime() const { return lifetime; } void Particles2D::set_time_scale(float p_time_scale) { time_scale=p_time_scale; } float Particles2D::get_time_scale() const { return time_scale; } void Particles2D::set_pre_process_time(float p_pre_process_time) { preprocess=p_pre_process_time; } float Particles2D::get_pre_process_time() const{ return preprocess; } void Particles2D::set_param(Parameter p_param, float p_value) { ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_param,PARAM_MAX); param[p_param]=p_value; } float Particles2D::get_param(Parameter p_param) const { ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_param,PARAM_MAX,0); return param[p_param]; } void Particles2D::set_randomness(Parameter p_param, float p_value) { ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_param,PARAM_MAX); randomness[p_param]=p_value; } float Particles2D::get_randomness(Parameter p_param) const { ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_param,PARAM_MAX,0); return randomness[p_param]; } void Particles2D::set_texture(const Ref& p_texture) { texture=p_texture; } Ref Particles2D::get_texture() const { return texture; } void Particles2D::set_color(const Color& p_color) { default_color = p_color; } Color Particles2D::get_color() const { return default_color; } void Particles2D::set_color_ramp(const Ref& p_color_ramp) { color_ramp=p_color_ramp; } Ref Particles2D::get_color_ramp() const { return color_ramp; } void Particles2D::set_emissor_offset(const Point2& p_offset) { emissor_offset=p_offset; } Point2 Particles2D::get_emissor_offset() const { return emissor_offset; } void Particles2D::set_use_local_space(bool p_use) { local_space=p_use; } bool Particles2D::is_using_local_space() const { return local_space; } //Deprecated. Converts color phases to color ramp void Particles2D::set_color_phases(int p_phases) { //Create color ramp if we have 2 or more phases. //Otherwise first phase phase will be assigned to default color. if(p_phases > 1 && color_ramp.is_null()) { color_ramp = Ref(memnew (ColorRamp())); } if(color_ramp.is_valid()) { color_ramp->get_points().resize(p_phases); } } //Deprecated. int Particles2D::get_color_phases() const { if(color_ramp.is_valid()) { return color_ramp->get_points_count(); } return 0; } //Deprecated. Converts color phases to color ramp void Particles2D::set_color_phase_color(int p_phase,const Color& p_color) { ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_phase,MAX_COLOR_PHASES); if(color_ramp.is_valid()) { if(color_ramp->get_points_count() > p_phase) color_ramp->set_color(p_phase, p_color); } else { if(p_phase == 0) default_color = p_color; } } //Deprecated. Color Particles2D::get_color_phase_color(int p_phase) const { ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_phase,MAX_COLOR_PHASES,Color()); if(color_ramp.is_valid()) { return color_ramp->get_color(p_phase); } return Color(0,0,0,1); } //Deprecated. Converts color phases to color ramp void Particles2D::set_color_phase_pos(int p_phase,float p_pos) { ERR_FAIL_INDEX(p_phase,MAX_COLOR_PHASES); ERR_FAIL_COND(p_pos<0.0 || p_pos>1.0); if(color_ramp.is_valid() && color_ramp->get_points_count() > p_phase) { return color_ramp->set_offset(p_phase, p_pos); } } //Deprecated. float Particles2D::get_color_phase_pos(int p_phase) const { ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_phase,MAX_COLOR_PHASES,0); if(color_ramp.is_valid()) { return color_ramp->get_offset(p_phase); } return 0; } void Particles2D::set_emission_half_extents(const Vector2& p_extents) { extents=p_extents; } Vector2 Particles2D::get_emission_half_extents() const { return extents; } void Particles2D::testee(int a, int b, int c, int d, int e) { print_line(itos(a)); print_line(itos(b)); print_line(itos(c)); print_line(itos(d)); print_line(itos(e)); } void Particles2D::set_initial_velocity(const Vector2& p_velocity) { initial_velocity=p_velocity; } Vector2 Particles2D::get_initial_velocity() const{ return initial_velocity; } void Particles2D::pre_process(float p_delta) { _process_particles(p_delta); } void Particles2D::set_explosiveness(float p_value) { explosiveness=p_value; } float Particles2D::get_explosiveness() const{ return explosiveness; } void Particles2D::set_flip_h(bool p_flip) { flip_h=p_flip; } bool Particles2D::is_flipped_h() const{ return flip_h; } void Particles2D::set_flip_v(bool p_flip){ flip_v=p_flip; } bool Particles2D::is_flipped_v() const{ return flip_v; } void Particles2D::set_h_frames(int p_frames) { ERR_FAIL_COND(p_frames<1); h_frames=p_frames; } int Particles2D::get_h_frames() const{ return h_frames; } void Particles2D::set_v_frames(int p_frames){ ERR_FAIL_COND(p_frames<1); v_frames=p_frames; } int Particles2D::get_v_frames() const{ return v_frames; } void Particles2D::set_emission_points(const PoolVector& p_points) { emission_points=p_points; } PoolVector Particles2D::get_emission_points() const{ return emission_points; } void Particles2D::reset() { for(int i=0;i